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学报
               572                 Journal of China Pharmaceutical University 2025, 56(5): 572 − 582


                             二甲双胍通过促进醛酮还原酶                                 AKR1C3 降解

                                    抑制肝细胞癌恶性进展的机制研究


                              齐 磊 ,华静怡 ,冯秋菊 ,潘 迪 ,刘凌翔 ,赵 丽                                 1,4*
                                                 1
                                                           1
                                                                                3,4
                                       1
                                                                      2
                1
                                                          2
                                                                                      3
                ( 中国药科大学基础医学与临床药学学院, 南京 211198; 贵州医科大学药学院, 贵阳 550004; 南京医科大学第一附属医院,
                                               4
                                     南京 210029; 神经与肿瘤药物研发全国重点实验室, 南京 210023)
               摘 要 为阐明二甲双胍(MET)通过调控醛酮还原酶                   AKR1C3 的降解,从而抑制肝细胞癌(HCC)恶性进展的作用机
               制,首先评估不同肝癌细胞系对           MET  的敏感性与其    AKR1C3 基础表达水平的相关性;通过          Western blot 分析发现  MET  可显
               著降低   AKR1C3 蛋白水平,并加速其降解速率;采用细胞热转移(CETSA)技术证实                     MET  与  AKR1C3 蛋白存在相互作用;
               利用蛋白酶体抑制剂        MG132 和溶酶体抑制剂氯喹(CQ)筛选降解途径,结合                HBSS  饥饿诱导自噬模型,证实       MET  通过自
               噬溶酶体途径介导        AKR1C3 降解;泛素化实验显示         MET  能特异性增强     AKR1C3 的  K63 连接型多聚泛素化修饰;通过
               p62 基因敲低实验、免疫共沉淀及免疫荧光共定位分析,证实自噬受体                     p62 在介导  MET  诱导的  AKR1C3 降解中起关键作用;
               使用  AMP  依赖的蛋白激酶(AMPK)抑制剂           Compound C  证明  MET  对  AKR1C3 的调控作用独立于经典      AMPK  信号通
               路。实验结果表明,二甲双胍通过结合             AKR1C3 促进其泛素化修饰,增强        AKR1C3 与自噬受体     p62 的结合,进而选择性自噬
               途径降解    AKR1C3 蛋白,最终抑制肝癌细胞的恶性表型,此调控机制不依赖于二甲双胍经典的                        AMPK  激活途径。
               关键词 肝细胞癌;二甲双胍;AKR1C3;自噬
               中图分类号  R965       文献标志码 A             文章编号 1000−5048(2025)05−0572−11
                                                     doi:10.11665/j.issn.1000−5048.2025030703

                引用本文 齐磊,华静怡,冯秋菊,等. 二甲双胍通过促进醛酮还原酶              AKR1C3  降解抑制肝细胞癌恶性进展的机制研究        [J]. 中国药科大学
                学报,2025,56(5):572 − 582.

                Cite this article as: QI Lei, HUA Jingyi, FENG Qiuju, et al. Mechanism of metformin inhibiting malignant progression of hepatocellular
                carcinoma by promoting degradation of aldo-keto reductase AKR1C3[J]. J China Pharm Univ, 2025, 56(5): 572 − 582.


               Mechanism  of  metformin  inhibiting  malignant  progression  of  hepatocellular
               carcinoma by promoting degradation of aldo-keto reductase AKR1C3
                     1
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               QI Lei , HUA Jingyi , FENG Qiuju , PAN Di , LIU Lingxiang , ZHAO Li 1,4*
               1                                                                          2
                School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198;  School of Pharmaceutical
                                                         3
               Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004;  The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing
                      4
               210029;  State Key Laboratory of Neurology and Oncology Drug Development, Nanjing 210023, China
               Abstract    This  study  aimed  to  elucidate  the  mechanism  of  action  of  metformin  (MET)  in  inhibiting  the
               malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by regulating the degradation of aldo-keto reductase
               family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3). The correlation between the sensitivity of different hepatocellular carcinoma
               cell  lines  to  MET  and  their  basal  expression  levels  of  AKR1C3  was  firstly  evaluated.  MET  was  found  to
               significantly  reduce  the  level  and  accelerate  the  degradation  rate  of  AKR1C3  protein  by  Western  blot.  The
               interaction  between  MET  and  AKR1C3  protein  was  confirmed  by  cellular  thermal  shift  assay  (CETSA).
               Proteasome inhibitor MG132 and the lysosomal inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) were used to screen the degradation
               pathway, and confirm, in combination with the HBSS starvation-induced autophagy model, that MET mediated
               the degradation of AKR1C3 through the autophagy lysosome pathway. Ubiquitylation assay showed that MET


                    收稿日期 2025-03-07  * 通信作者    Tel:025-86185779 E mail:zhaoli@cpu.edu.cn
                    基金项目    国家自然科学基金项目(No.82473962);神经与肿瘤药物研发全国重点实验室开放课题面上项目(SKLSIM-2024150)
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