Page 44 - 《中国医疗器械杂志》2025年第6期
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Chinese Journal of Medical Instrumentation                                         2025年 第49卷 第6期

                                                    综     合     评    述



                                                                                                           续表
                       产品              平均孔径/μm       孔隙率(%)         弹性模量/GPa           结构类型             材质
              增材制造椎间融合器                    —                        与松质骨相近             仿骨小梁              钽
              华翔医疗                                      68~78
              3D打印多孔钽融合器       [19]     400~500          70.5         1.6±0.2        菱形十二面体              钽
              3D打印PEEK融合器     [16]      400~500          80           0.2~0.32     三周期极小曲面结构           PEEK
              异质孔隙化融合器      [11]        200~400          —           1.09~6.71        类钻石结构            钛合金
               3    总结与展望                                           meta-analysis update[J]. Exp Ther Med, 2024, 28(1): 290.
                                                                [4]   窦新雨, 刘宇, 刘啸, 等. 小尾寒羊颈椎前路椎间盘切除
                  近年来,随着3D打印技术的快速发展,椎间                              融合模型的建立及评估[J]. 中国实验动物学报, 2024,
                                                                    32(2): 139-150.
              融合器的设计和制造取得了突破性进展。从材料选
                                                                [5]   CONG  B,  ZHANG  H  G.  Innovative  3D  printing
              择、成型工艺到多孔结构与外形设计,3D打印椎                                technologies  and  advanced  materials  revolutionizing
              间融合器展现出显著优势。其中,钛合金依然是当                                orthopedic  surgery:  current  applications  and  future
              前应用最广泛的材料,其卓越的生物相容性及高精                                directions[J].  Front  Bioeng  Biotechnol,  2025,  13:
                                                                    1542179.
              度打印特性使之成为3D打印椎间融合器设计的首
                                                                [6]   CHANG  S  Y,  KANG  D  H,  CHO  S  K.  Innovative
              选;与此同时,PEEK和PEKK等高分子材料逐渐                              developments  in  lumbar  interbody  cage  materials  and
              成为金属材料的重要补充,为进一步降低应力遮蔽                                design: a comprehensive narrative review[J]. Asian Spine
              以及沉陷风险提供了可能性;而新型复合材料与可                                J, 2024, 18(3): 444-457.
                                                                [7]   GOU  C  Y,  ZHANG  Y  T,  NIE  G  H,  et  al.  Research
              降解材料的不断探索,则为下一代融合器的发展提
                                                                    progress  on  three-dimensional  printed  interbody  fusion
              供了更丰富的选择与潜力。此外,3D打印技术的                                cage[J]. J Biomed Eng, 2021, 38(5): 1018-1027.
              应用推动了融合器复杂结构设计的发展,融合器结                            [8]   DOU  X  Y,  LIU  X,  LIU  Y,  et  al.  Biomimetic  porous
              构设计日趋多样化,不再拘泥于传统造型,各式创                                Ti6Al4V  implants:  a  novel  interbody  fusion  cage  via
              新结构不断涌现,更好地满足了融合器的功能性和                                GEL‐casting technique to promote spine fusion[J]. Adv
                                                                    Healthc Mater, 2024, 13(27): e2400550.
              临床应用需求。
                                                                [9]   SONG F C, WANG L L, ZHANG Y H, et al. Design of
                  3D打印椎间融合器的研究与应用仍面临诸多                              an  ultra-low  modulus  3D  printed  titanium  bio-
              挑战。首先,金属材料的融合器在临床应用中仍然                                metamaterials  for  bone  replacement[J].  Addit  Manuf
              存在沉陷现象,需要对融合器的外形和多孔结构进                                Front, 2025, 4(1): 200197.
                                                                [10]   YU  D,  WU  S,  BAO  S,  et  al.  Effect  of  sandblasting
              行优化设计,以提升融合器与椎体的接触面积以及
                                                                    process  on  3D  printed  intervertebral  cage[J].  3D  Print
              进一步降低应力遮蔽效应。其次,非金属材料、复                                Addit Manuf, 2024, 11(4): e582-e592.
              合材料以及可降解材料的融合器普遍打印精度较                             [11]   PEI  X,  WANG  L  N,  WU  L  N,  et  al.  Heterogeneous
              差,限制了这类融合器的设计多样性,需要进一步                                porosity  design  triggered  stress  reorganization  to  avoid
                                                                    intervertebral  cage  subsidence  and  promote  spinal
              提升打印工艺。最后,对于3D打印椎间融合器多
                                                                    fusion[J]. Compos Struct, 2023, 323: 117516.
              孔结构的最优设计参数尚不明晰,仍需开展系统的                            [12]   MATSUGAKI  A,  ITO  M,  KOBAYASHI  Y,  et  al.
              试验研究予以进一步明确。                                          Innovative design of bone quality-targeted intervertebral
                                                                    spacer:  accelerated  functional  fusion  guiding  oriented
                                                                    collagen  and  apatite  microstructure  without  autologous
                                  参考文献
              [1]   LEE J J, JACOME F P, HILTZIK D M, et al. Evolution  bone graft[J]. Spine J, 2023, 23(4): 609-620.
                  of titanium interbody cages and current uses of 3D printed  [13]   LUO  L,  LI  J,  LIN  Z,  et  al.  Anisotropic  biomimetic
                  titanium  in  spine  fusion  surgery[J].  Curr  Rev  trabecular  porous  three-dimensional-printed  ti-6al-4v
                  Musculoskelet Med, 2025, 18(12): 635-644.         cage  for  lumbar  interbody  fusion[J].  Mater  Des,  2023,
              [2]   LI G S, YANG L, WU G, et al. An update of interbody  233: 112254.
                  cages  for  spine  fusion  surgeries:  from  shape  design  to  [14]   SUN J, LIU S S, ZOU D, et al. A novel porous interbody
                  materials[J]. Expert Rev Med Devices, 2023, 19(12): 977-  fusion  cage  modified  by  microarc  oxidation  and
                  989.                                              hydrothermal   treatment   technology   accelerate
              [3]   ZHAI W J, LIU L, GAO Y H, et al. Application of 3D-  osseointegration and spinal fusion in sheep[J]. RSC Adv,
                  printed  porous  titanium  interbody  fusion  cage  vs.  2024, 14(44): 31966-31978.
                  Polyether  ether  ketone  interbody  fusion  cage  in  anterior  [15]   BASGUL  C,  YU  T,  MACDONALD  D  W,  et  al.
                  cervical discectomy and fusion: a systematic review and  Structure-property  relationships  for  3D  printed  PEEK


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