Page 81 - 《振动工程学报》2025年第9期

第 38 卷第 9 期 振 动 工 程 学 报 Vol. 38 No. 9
2025 年 9 月 Journal of Vibration Engineering Sept. 2025

简 支 梁 桥 走 行 车 桥 系 统 的 实 时 混 合 试 验

稳 定 性 预 测 方 法

刘 豪 1,2,3 ， 唐贞云 1,2

（1. 北京工业大学城市与工程安全减灾教育部重点实验室，北京 100124； 2. 北京工业大学重庆研究院，重庆 401121；
3. 东北大学灾害科学国际研究所，仙台 9800845）

摘要：实时混合试验近年来被应用于高速列车桥上行车的性能测试。为了避免试验失稳对车辆试件或者加载系统造成破坏，
有必要研究走行车桥实时混合试验的稳定性。走行车桥系统的时变特性为实时混合试验稳定性分析带来了难题，需要对此
建立适用的稳定性预测方法。建立了车桥实时混合试验系统的时变离散状态空间方程，该方程可以准确描述系统所有状态
量随时间的变化；提出了基于累乘状态转移矩阵谱半径的稳定性判据，并结合二分法建立了该时变实时混合试验的相对稳定
性预测方法；基于振动台进行了一系列走行车桥实时混合试验，试验结果表明，基于实际试验的稳定性实测值与提出的稳定
性分析方法预测的理论值吻合良好。该方法可以准确地预测车桥实时混合试验的稳定性。
关键词： 实时混合试验；车-桥耦合振动；简支梁；稳定性
中图分类号：TU311.2 文献标志码：A DOI：10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202308018

Stability prediction method for real-time hybrid test on simply supported
beam-based traveling vehicle-bridge system

LIU Hao 1,2,3 ，TANG Zhenyun 1,2
（1.The Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of Ministry of Education，
Beijing University of Technology，Beijing 100124，China；2.Chongqing Research Institute of Beijing University of Technology，
Chongqing 401121，China；3.International Research Institute of Disaster Science，Tohoku University，Sendai 9800845，Japan）

Abstract：Real-time hybrid test has been applied to the performance test of high-speed train running on the bridge in recent year. In order to
avoid the damage of specimens or loading systems caused by instability， it is necessary to study the stability of real-time hybrid test on
traveling train-bridge system. The time-varying characteristic of the traveling train-bridge system poses challenges to the stability analysis of
real-time hybrid test. Therefore，it is necessary to develop suitable stability prediction methods for the time-varying system. Firstly, the time-
varying discrete state space equation of the real-time hybrid test on traveling vehicle-bridge system was established, which can accurately
describe the changes of all state quantities of the test system over time. Then a stability criterion based on the spectral radius of the cumulative
state transition matrix was proposed，and then by combining the stability criterion with the dichotomy method, a relative stability prediction
method for the time-varying real-time hybrid test was developed. A serial of practical real-time hybrid tests on traveling vehicle-bridge system
was conducted based on a shaking table. The results show that the critical stability obtained by the practical tests was in good agreement with
the predicted results based on the developed stability prediction method. The developed method can accurately predict the stability of RTHT on
vehicle-bridge coupled system.

Keywords：real-time hybrid test；train-bridge interaction；simply supported beam；stability

近年来高速铁路发展迅速，截至 2020 年底，世界 支箱梁 。为了保障高速列车在铁路桥梁上行车的
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高速铁路总里程达 5.5×10 km，其中中国占比 69% 。 安全和舒适性，有必要对车-桥耦合振动展开试验研
[1]
中国的高速铁路大量采用“以桥代路”的形式，桥梁 究。车-桥耦合振动研究的动力试验方法主要有台
约占线路总长度的 57.7%，且大量采用等跨布置的简 架试验 、线路试验 和比例模型试验 。随着车速
[3]
[4]
[5]

收稿日期：2023-08-09；修订日期：2023-09-17
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (51978016)