Page 170 - 《水产学报》2026年第2期
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2 期      莫子颖,等:饲料        SFA/MUFA  比对尼罗罗非鱼生长性能、组织脂肪酸组成和肝脂代谢的影响                           50 卷

              留并无一致的偏好。LC-PUFA            在过氧化物酶中进                  fatty acids[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2023 (in Chinese).
              行最初    β  氧化后进入线粒体进行更加完全的                β  氧   [  2  ]   Cronjé P B. A reappraisal of the potential of dietary fatty acids
              化,而酰基辅酶         A氧化酶    (Aco-x1) 是该代谢途径               to  ameliorate  heat  stress[C]//Proceedings  of  the  22nd  Annual
              的主要限速酶 。本研究发现,该限速酶基因表                                 Australian  Poultry  Science  Symposium.  Sydney:  The  Poultry
                           [32]
              达水平在     SFA/MUFA  比值为    0.31  时最低,从而使               Research  Foundation,  The  World’s Poultry  Science   Associ-
                                                                    ation 2011: 161-169.
              机体更顺利进行         β  氧化,这也可能就是低           SFA/
                                                              [  3  ]   Lund I, Höglund E, Ebbesson L O E, et al. Dietary LC-PUFA
              MUFA   饲料组   n-3 LC-PUFA  含量最高的重要因素。
                                                                    deficiency  early  in  ontogeny  induces  behavioural  changes  in
               3.4    饲料  SFA/MUFA  比对尼罗罗非鱼肌肉组                      pike perch (Sander lucioperca) larvae and fry[J]. Aquaculture,
              织的影响                                                  2014, 432: 453-461.
                                                              [  4  ]   宁丽军, 李加敏, 孙胜香, 等. 鱼类脂肪酸  β-氧化研究进展  [J].
                   高品质肌肉不仅体现在营养成分上,还与消
                                                                    水产学报, 2019, 43(1): 128-142.
              费者的感官体验相关。肌肉品质包括硬度、咀嚼
                                                                    Ning L J, Li J M, Sun S X, et al. Fatty acid β-oxidation in fish:
              性、黏聚性、柔软度等一系列属性 。肌肉脂质
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                                                                    a review[J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2019, 43(1): 128-142
              水平通常可以直接影响鱼肉的质地和味道。随着
                                                                    (in Chinese).
              脂质含量的增加,鱼肉的硬度和弹性呈下降趋势,                          [  5  ]   Crockett E L, Sidell B D. Substrate selectivities differ for hep-
              这会导致鱼肉的黏性增加 。另外,各种营养因                                 atic mitochondrial and peroxisomal β-oxidation in an Antarctic
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              素  (如饲料中脂肪酸) 可显著改变养殖鱼类的脂质                             fish,  Notothenia  gibberifrons[J].  Biochemical  Journal,  1993,
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              组成和质地。如在尼罗罗非鱼 、团头鲂                     (Mega-         289(2): 427-433.
              lobrama  amblycephala) [33]  和 鲤  (Cyprinus  carpio) [34]  [  6  ]   Mata-Sotres J A, Marques V H, Barba D, et al. Increasing diet-
              的饲料中加入高含量的            DHA  和  ALA  可以增强鱼              ary  SFA:  MUFA  ratio  with  low  levels  of  LC-PUFA  affected
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              体肌肉的黏聚性、咀嚼性和黏性等特性 。本研                                 lipid metabolism, tissue fatty acid profile and growth of juven-
                                                                    ile  California  Yellowtail  (Seriola  dorsalis)[J].  Aquaculture,
              究中,饲喂低        SFA/MUFA (0.31) 饲料使尼罗罗非
                                                                    2021, 543: 737011.
              鱼肌肉脂质含量下降,从而显著改善尼罗罗非鱼
                                                              [  7  ]   Bowzer J, Trushenski J, Rawles S, et al. Apparent digestibility
              肌肉的硬度、剪切力、弹性和咀嚼性,亦有利于
                                                                    of Asian carp‐ and common carp‐derived fish meals in feeds
              增强尼罗罗非鱼肌肉的紧实度。
                                                                    for  hybrid  striped  bass  Morone  saxatilis♀×M.  chrysops♂  and
                                                                    rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss[J]. Aquaculture Nutrition,
               4    结论
                                                                    2015, 21(1): 43-53.
                   本研究发现,饲料中          SFA/MUFA  比值对尼罗         [  8  ]   Jin M, Lu Y, Pan T T, et al. Effects of dietary n-3 LC-PUFA/n-
              罗非鱼的生长性能和饲料利用率无显著影响,但                                 6 C 18  PUFA ratio on growth, feed utilization, fatty acid com-
                                                                    position and lipid metabolism related gene expression in black
              随着饲料中      SFA/MUFA   比值的增加,血清         TG  和
                                                                    seabream, Acanthopagrus schlegelii[J]. Aquaculture, 2019, 500:
              T-CHO  含量以及肝脏和肌肉脂质含量均有所增加。
                                                                    521-531.
              SFA/MUFA   比值为    0.31  时,尼罗罗非鱼组织         n-3
                                                              [  9  ]   Rombenso A N, Turchini G M, Trushenski J T. The omega-3
              LC-PUFA  含量较高,肌肉质地较好,有利于提高
                                                                    sparing  effect  of  saturated  fatty  acids:  a  reason  to  reconsider
              肌肉品质。此外,低          SFA/MUFA   比饲料有利于提                 common  knowledge  of  fish  oil  replacement[J].  Reviews  in
              升尼罗罗非鱼组织          n-3 LC-PUFA  水平,主要通过                Aquaculture, 2022, 14(1): 213-217.
              “n-3 LC-PUFA  节约效应”,而非影响          LC-PUFA  合    [10]   Rombenso A N, Trushenski J T, Jirsa D, et al. Successful fish
              成能力。                                                  oil sparing in white seabass feeds using saturated fatty acid-rich

                                                                    soybean oil and 22: 6n-3 (DHA) supplementation[J]. Aquacul-
              (作者声明本文无利益冲突)                                         ture, 2015, 448: 176-185.
                                                              [11]   Peng M, Xu W, Tan P, et al. Effect of dietary fatty acid com-
              参考文献     (References):                                position  on  growth,  fatty  acids  composition  and  hepatic  lipid

              [  1  ]   李远友. 鱼类脂肪酸精准营养的理论与应用实践      [M]. 北京:        metabolism in juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L. ) fed
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                    Li Y Y. The theory and application of precision nutrition of fish  591-600.

              中国水产学会主办  sponsored by China Society of Fisheries                          https://www.china-fishery.cn
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