Page 56 - 《真空与低温》2025年第4期

第 31 卷 第 4 期 真空与低温
2025 年 7 月 Vacuum and Cryogenics 471

ITER 超 导 磁 体 支 撑 腿 螺 栓 的 强 度 分 析 与 研 究

2
2
彭海波 1,2 ，杨庆喜 ，徐 皓 ，史根木 2,3 ，余清洲 2,3
（1. 安徽理工大学机械工程学院，安徽 淮南 232001；2. 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院
等离子体物理研究所，合肥 230031；3. 中国科学技术大学，合肥 230026）

摘要：超导磁体是托卡马克装置的核心组件，为确保其在极端低温和复杂放电环境中的稳定运行，通常需要
采用磁体低温测试平台（MCTB）进行模拟测试。在 MCTB 中，磁体支撑腿作为固定磁体的关键部件，其结构安全
性至关重要，尤其作为容易发生低温脆断失效而引发事故的螺栓连接部分，需经过严格且全面的强度校验，以保
证其在 4 K 的服役环境下仍具备足够的强度和稳定性。论文选取 MCTB 中承受载荷较大的 FIX_OIS 支撑腿结构
作为研究对象，运用 ANSYS 有限元软件对其开展了稳态热结构耦合分析。鉴于支撑腿螺栓在低温环境下的服役
条件以及紧固功能特性，对螺栓预紧力进行了调整优化，既降低螺栓在工作过程中发生低温脆断的风险，也避免
了在磁体放电过程中螺栓发生松动。参考 BPVC. VIII.2—2021 和 JB 4732—1995 标准及 VDI 2230—2015 标准对
支撑腿螺栓的强度进行了评判，结果显示螺栓强度均满足结构安全性的要求。论文为聚变堆等超低温环境下螺
栓强度分析研究工作提供了有益的参考。
关键词：低温测试平台；有限元分析；强度分析；螺栓连接
中图分类号：TB24 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006−7086（2025）04−0471−07
DOI：10.12446/j.issn.1006-7086.2025.04.007

Strength Analysis and Study of ITER Superconducting Magnetic Structure Legs Bolts

1,2 2 2 2,3 2,3
PENG Haibo ，YANG Qingxi ，XU Hao ，SHI Genmu ，YU Qingzhou
（1. College of Mechanical Engineering，Anhui University of Science and Technology，Huainan 232001，Anhui，China；
2. Institute of Plasma Physics，Hefei Institutes of Physical Science，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Hefei 230031，China；
3. University of Science and Technology of China，Hefei 230026，China）

Abstract：The superconducting magnets are undeniably the core components of a tokamak device，playing a pivotal role
in its operation. These magnets are subjected to extreme low-temperature environments and complex discharge scenarios dur-
ing their service. To ensure the stable and reliable performance of these critical components under such harsh conditions，sim-
ulated tests are conducted within the Magnet Cold Test Bench （MCTB). Since the magnet support legs，as critical compo-
nents for securing the magnets in MCTB，plays a vital role in structural safety，especially in the bolted connections，which are
prone to failure and may lead to accidents，rigorous and comprehensive strength verification are required to ensure sufficient
strength and stability in a 4 K service environment. In this study，the FIX_OIS support leg structure that bears a large load in
MCTB is selected as the research object，and the steady-state thermal structure coupling analysis is carried out on it by using
finite element software ANSYS. In view of the service conditions and fastening function characteristics of the support leg
bolts in a low-temperature environment，the preload of the bolts has been adjusted and optimized，which not only reduces the
risk of low-temperature brittle fracture of the bolts during operation，but also avoids the loosening of the bolts during the discha-
rge process of the magnet. Then，the strength of the support leg bolts was evaluated by referring to the BPVC. VIII. 2—
2021，JB 4732—1995 standard and VDI 2230—2015 standard. According to the evaluation results，the strength of
the bolts all met the requirements of structural safety. This paper provides certain reference value for the analysis and research
of bolt strength in ultra-low temperature environments such as fusion reactors.
Key words：magnet cold test bench；finite element analysis；strength analysis；bolt connection

收稿日期：2025−03−03
基金项目：ITER 国际合作项目（E45QT21612)
作者简介：彭海波，硕士研究生。E-mail：2805864227@qq.com