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学报
                                   Journal of China Pharmaceutical University 2025, 56(4): 405 − 415       405


                             核酸模式识别机制及其化学干预的研究进展



                                       贾佳庆 ,李 辉 ,尤启冬 ,徐晓莉                         1,2**
                                               1,2
                                                           1,2
                                                                      1,2*
                       ( 中国药科大学药物化学系, 南京         211198; 江苏省新药分子设计与成药性优化重点实验室, 南京               211198)
                       1
                                                       2
               摘 要 先天免疫系统通过多种模式识别受体(PRRs)监测病原相关的分子模式(PAMPs)和损伤相关的分子模式
               (DAMPs),诱发固有免疫反应以抵御病原微生物的入侵。本文以                     RNA、双链  DNA(dsDNA)及非经典构象核酸等多种核
               酸为出发点,对核酸模式识别受体的免疫识别机制、相关疾病以及药物研究进展展开综述,重点介绍了                                        Toll 样受体
               (TLRs)、视黄酸诱导基因        I 样受体(RLRs)、环鸟嘌呤-腺嘌呤核苷酸合成酶(cGAS)、Z-DNA                结合蛋白    1(ZBP1)等
               PRRs,揭示了它们在抗病毒、抗肿瘤及维持免疫稳态中的核心作用,以期为                      PRRs 的新药研发提供参考。
               关键词 核酸免疫;模式识别受体;肿瘤;临床研究进展
               中图分类号  R96       文献标志码 A              文章编号 1000−5048(2025)04−0405−11
                                                     doi:10.11665/j.issn.1000−5048.2025052601

                引用本文 贾佳庆,李辉,尤启冬,等. 核酸模式识别机制及其化学干预的研究进展                [J]. 中国药科大学学报,2025,56(4):405 − 415.

                Cite this article as: JIA Jiaqing, LI Hui, YOU Qidong, et al. Research progress on nucleic acid pattern recognition mechanisms and their
                chemical interventions[J]. J China Pharm Univ, 2025, 56(4): 405 − 415.


               Research progress on nucleic acid pattern recognition mechanisms and their
               chemical interventions

                         1,2
                                              1,2*
                                 1,2
               JIA Jiaqing , LI Hui , YOU Qidong , XU Xiaoli 1,2**
               1
                Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198;
               2
                Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Molecular Design and Optimization, Nanjing 211198, China
               Abstract    The  innate  immune  system  employs  diverse  pattern  recognition  receptors  (PRRs)  to  monitor
               pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), thereby
               initiating innate immune responses against pathogenic invasions. This review focuses on RNA, double-stranded
               DNA (dsDNA), and non-canonical conformational nucleic acid as structural triggers, comprehensively analyzing
               the  immune  recognition  mechanisms  of  nucleic  acid-sensing  PRRs,  their  disease  relevance,  and  therapeutic
               advancements. Key receptors highlighted include Toll-like receptors (TLRs), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-
               I)-like  receptors  (RLRs),  cyclic  GMP-AMP  synthase  (cGAS),  and  Z-DNA-binding  protein  1  (ZBP1).  We
               elucidate  their  pivotal  roles  in  antiviral  defense,  antitumor  immunity,  and  immune  homeostasis  maintenance,
               aiming to provide insights for the development of novel PRR-targeted drugs.
               Key words    nucleic acid immunity; PRRs; cancer; advances in clinical research


               This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82273786, No. 82473848)

                    先天免疫系统(innate immune system)是生物             旨在识别与微生物信号相关“危险信号”的一系列
               体在遭遇病原体(如细菌、病毒、真菌等)时的第一                          模式识别受体(pattern recognition receptors, PRRs),
               道防线。历经数百年的进化,先天免疫系统配备了                           协同补体系统、吞噬细胞和自然杀伤细胞等效应机


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                    收稿日期 2025-05-26  通信作者     Tel:025–86185328 E-mail:youqd@163.com
                                             **
                                                Tel:13851822757   E-mail:xuxiao_li@126.com
                    基金项目    国家自然科学基金项目(No. 82273786, No. 82473848)
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