Page 9 - 《中国药科大学学报》2025年第4期
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学报
Journal of China Pharmaceutical University 2025, 56(4): 405 − 415 405
核酸模式识别机制及其化学干预的研究进展
贾佳庆 ,李 辉 ,尤启冬 ,徐晓莉 1,2**
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1,2*
( 中国药科大学药物化学系, 南京 211198; 江苏省新药分子设计与成药性优化重点实验室, 南京 211198)
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摘 要 先天免疫系统通过多种模式识别受体(PRRs)监测病原相关的分子模式(PAMPs)和损伤相关的分子模式
(DAMPs),诱发固有免疫反应以抵御病原微生物的入侵。本文以 RNA、双链 DNA(dsDNA)及非经典构象核酸等多种核
酸为出发点,对核酸模式识别受体的免疫识别机制、相关疾病以及药物研究进展展开综述,重点介绍了 Toll 样受体
(TLRs)、视黄酸诱导基因 I 样受体(RLRs)、环鸟嘌呤-腺嘌呤核苷酸合成酶(cGAS)、Z-DNA 结合蛋白 1(ZBP1)等
PRRs,揭示了它们在抗病毒、抗肿瘤及维持免疫稳态中的核心作用,以期为 PRRs 的新药研发提供参考。
关键词 核酸免疫;模式识别受体;肿瘤;临床研究进展
中图分类号 R96 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1000−5048(2025)04−0405−11
doi:10.11665/j.issn.1000−5048.2025052601
引用本文 贾佳庆,李辉,尤启冬,等. 核酸模式识别机制及其化学干预的研究进展 [J]. 中国药科大学学报,2025,56(4):405 − 415.
Cite this article as: JIA Jiaqing, LI Hui, YOU Qidong, et al. Research progress on nucleic acid pattern recognition mechanisms and their
chemical interventions[J]. J China Pharm Univ, 2025, 56(4): 405 − 415.
Research progress on nucleic acid pattern recognition mechanisms and their
chemical interventions
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1,2*
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JIA Jiaqing , LI Hui , YOU Qidong , XU Xiaoli 1,2**
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Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198;
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Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Molecular Design and Optimization, Nanjing 211198, China
Abstract The innate immune system employs diverse pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to monitor
pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), thereby
initiating innate immune responses against pathogenic invasions. This review focuses on RNA, double-stranded
DNA (dsDNA), and non-canonical conformational nucleic acid as structural triggers, comprehensively analyzing
the immune recognition mechanisms of nucleic acid-sensing PRRs, their disease relevance, and therapeutic
advancements. Key receptors highlighted include Toll-like receptors (TLRs), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-
I)-like receptors (RLRs), cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), and Z-DNA-binding protein 1 (ZBP1). We
elucidate their pivotal roles in antiviral defense, antitumor immunity, and immune homeostasis maintenance,
aiming to provide insights for the development of novel PRR-targeted drugs.
Key words nucleic acid immunity; PRRs; cancer; advances in clinical research
This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82273786, No. 82473848)
先天免疫系统(innate immune system)是生物 旨在识别与微生物信号相关“危险信号”的一系列
体在遭遇病原体(如细菌、病毒、真菌等)时的第一 模式识别受体(pattern recognition receptors, PRRs),
道防线。历经数百年的进化,先天免疫系统配备了 协同补体系统、吞噬细胞和自然杀伤细胞等效应机
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收稿日期 2025-05-26 通信作者 Tel:025–86185328 E-mail:youqd@163.com
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Tel:13851822757 E-mail:xuxiao_li@126.com
基金项目 国家自然科学基金项目(No. 82273786, No. 82473848)

