Page 259 - 《振动工程学报》2026年第3期
P. 259
第 39 卷第 3 期 振 动 工 程 学 报 Vol. 39 No. 3
2026 年 3 月 Journal of Vibration Engineering Mar. 2026
黏弹性 Winkler 层状地基中大直径单桩海上风机的
横向自振频率计算及分析
余云燕, 陶婧衍, 冯一帆
(兰州交通大学土木工程学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070)
摘要: 目前土体阻尼效应和地基成层特性对大直径单桩海上风机自振频率的影响规律尚不明确。为研究该问题,基于 Euler 梁
理论,建立黏弹性 Winkler 层状地基中风机系统结构简化模型,采用微分变换法求得简化模型一阶横向自振频率,与既有风机
实测频率对比验证模型的有效性;定量分析土体阻尼比、地基成层特性、桩长径比和桩壁厚对风机系统自振频率的影响规律。
研究表明:与 Winkler 地基计算结果相比,考虑土体阻尼后会造成风机系统自振频率减小,这种影响在软弱地基中尤为显著,当
土体模量>60 MPa 后对自振频率基本无影响;在层状地基中,表层土对风机系统自振频率的影响最大,自振频率随表层土模
量增加而增大,表层土厚度变化对自振频率基本无影响。
关键词: 海上风机; 黏弹性 Winkler 地基; 微分变换法; 自振频率; 大直径单桩
中图分类号: TK83; TU473.1 文献标志码: A DOI:10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202407002
Calculation and analysis of transverse natural frequency of large-diameter
pile offshore wind turbine in viscoelastic Winkler layered foundations
YU Yunyan, TAO Jingyan, FENG Yifan
(School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China)
Abstract: The influence of soil damping effects and layered foundation characteristics on the natural frequency of large-diameter
pile offshore wind turbines remains unclear. To investigate this issue, a simplified model of the wind turbine system structure in a
viscoelastic Winkler layered foundation is established based on Euler beam theory. The first-order transverse natural frequency of
the simplified model is obtained using the differential transform method and is compared with the measured frequencies of existing
wind turbines to validate the model’s effectiveness. Subsequently, a quantitative analysis is conducted to study the effects of soil
damping ratio, layered foundation characteristics, pile length-to-diameter ratio, and pile wall thickness on the natural frequency of
the wind turbine system. The study reveals that, compared with the Winkler foundation calculation results, considering soil
damping leads to a reduction in the natural frequency of the wind turbine system. This effect is particularly significant in soft
foundations and becomes negligible when the soil modulus exceeds 60 MPa. In the layered foundation, the surface soil has the
greatest impact on the natural frequency of the wind turbine system. The natural frequency increases with the surface soil modulus,
while changes in the thickness of the surface soil have a negligible impact on the natural frequency.
Keywords: offshore wind turbine;viscoelastic Winkler foundation;differential transform method;natural frequency;large-diameter
pile
海上风电由于其风速高、风向稳定、静风期短以 然而,中国风电场海域广泛分布着力学性质差的软
[2]
及噪声低等优点,成为优质的可再生能源产业,为中 黏土和粉砂土 ,再加上风机系统属于动力敏感性
国能源绿色转型发展提供重要战略支撑 。单桩基 强的结构,为海上风机结构设计带来严峻挑战。
[1]
础因维修便利、施工简单、受力明确等优点,已成为 海上风机设计过程中,为避免风机系统一阶横
海上风电场建设中应用最广泛的基础形式。对于海 向自振频率与涡轮机转动产生的 1P 频率、叶轮扫略
上风机的设计,嵌入海床的基础直接影响风机系统 塔筒产生的 2P/3P 频率及风浪等外部激励频率产生
的安全性和稳定性,是风电设计中至关重要的一环。 共振,设计中通常采用“软⁃刚”(soft⁃stiff)模式,要求
收稿日期: 2024-07-01; 修订日期: 2024-09-17
基金项目: 甘肃省科技计划资助项目(23JRRA854)

