Page 179 - 《振动工程学报》2025年第8期
P. 179
第 38 卷第 8 期 振 动 工 程 学 报 Vol. 38 No. 8
2025 年 8 月 Journal of Vibration Engineering Aug. 2025
一种考虑时滞的结构显式最优控制方法
林晓祥 , 苏 成 1,2,3
1
(1. 华南理工大学土木与交通学院,广东 广州 510640; 2. 亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室,
广东 广州 510640; 3. 广州城市理工学院,广东 广州 510800)
摘要: 时滞严重影响控制系统的性能和受控结构的稳定性,一定程度上限制了主动控制技术的工程应用。时滞经典最优控制
方法虽然能够考虑时滞问题带来的影响,但该方法在控制律设计中将时滞问题转化为无时滞问题,需要引入考虑时滞段内控
制力的扩维状态向量,因此需要求解扩阶 Riccati 方程,增加了控制律设计的计算量。本文致力于发展一种考虑时滞的结构显
式最优控制方法。建立时滞系统动力响应的时域显式表达式,进而建立关于时滞最优控制力的无约束线性二次型优化问题,
推导得到时滞显式最优控制律。由于在显式表达式中可以方便地考虑时滞控制力对结构动力响应的影响,所以时滞显式最优
控制律的推导过程无需进行状态向量的扩维处理,且无需求解 Riccati 方程。以地震激励下设置主动控制装置的三层剪切型结
构为数值算例,研究了时滞对主动控制效果的影响,并验证了所提方法的有效性。
关键词: 时滞; 主动控制; 经典最优控制; 显式最优控制
中图分类号: O328; TB114.2 文献标志码: A DOI:10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004‑4523.202309033
Time⁃delay explicit optimal control method for structures
1
LIN Xiaoxiang , SU Cheng 1,2,3
(1.School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
2.State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science, Guangzhou 510640, China;
3.Guangzhou City University of Technology, Guangzhou 510800, China)
Abstract: Time‑delay has significant influence on the performance of control systems and the stability of controlled structures,
which, to a certain degree, limits the application of active control techniques in practical engineering. Although the time-delay clas‑
sical optimal control method can consider the influence of time‑delay, the time-delay problem needs to be transformed into a delay-
free problem through introducing an augmented state vector associated with the control forces within the time-delay interval. There‑
fore, the augmented Riccati equation needs to be solved, leading to a large amount of computational cost for the design of control
law. This paper is devoted to developing a time-delay explicit optimal control method of structures. The explicit time-domain ex‑
pressions of dynamic responses are first established for the system with time-delay control. On this basis, the time-delay explicit op‑
timal control law can be analytically derived from an unconstrained linear quadratic optimization problem. As the effect of time-de‑
lay control force on structural dynamic responses can be readily considered with the aid of the explicit time-domain formulation, the
time-delay explicit optimal control law can be derived without augmented treatment of the state vector and solving of the Riccati
equation. A numerical example involving a three-storey shear-type structure with an active controller subjected to seismic excitation
is presented to investigate the effect of time‑delay and validate the feasibility of the proposed method.
Keywords: time‑delay; active control; classical optimal control; explicit optimal control
自 1972 年 YAO 提出结构控制概念以来,理论 将导致控制系统无法及时有效地为结构提供最优控
[1]
和试验研究表明,主动控制是提升结构抗震和抗风 制力,从而无法达到预定的控制效果,甚至严重降低
等性能的理想方法 。然而,由于荷载或响应测量、 或破坏结构控制的稳定性 [4‑5] 。
[2]
控制力计算和作动器执行等客观因素的存在,主动 结构主动控制的时滞问题已引起诸多学者的关
[3]
控制系统不可避免地存在控制力时滞问题 。时滞 注。目前已提出的时滞补偿方法包括泰勒级数展开
收稿日期: 2023‑09‑12; 修订日期: 2023‑12‑27
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52178479, 51678252);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2023A1515012822);广东
省现代土木工程技术重点实验室项目(2021B1212040003)

