Page 124 - 《振动工程学报》2025年第8期
P. 124
第 38 卷第 8 期 振 动 工 程 学 报 Vol. 38 No. 8
2025 年 8 月 Journal of Vibration Engineering Aug. 2025
奇异谱分解和最大相关峭度解卷积在轴承故障
声学诊断中的应用
姚容华 , 周 俊 1,2 , 伍 星 1,2 , 刘 韬 1,2
1
(1. 昆明理工大学机电工程学院,云南 昆明 650500;
2. 云南省先进装备智能制造技术重点实验室,云南 昆明 650500)
摘要: 故障特征成分的有效分离是滚动轴承复合故障诊断的核心,在强噪声及各个故障之间相互干扰耦合的背景下,滚动轴承
声学复合故障诊断极具挑战性。本文提出一种优化奇异谱分解(optimized singular spectrum decomposition,OSSD)和参数自
适应最大相关峭度解卷积(maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution,MCKD)的复合故障声学诊断方法。采用包络峭度作为
指标辅助 OSSD 快速确定最佳分解层数,以克服人工经验确定分解层数的不确定性,将信号分解为多个奇异谱分量。将故障
特征频率能量幅值比作为指标自适应选择包含主要故障特征信息的两个奇异谱分量。利用参数自适应 MCKD 对所选择的最
佳分量进行滤波和信号特征增强,通过包络谱分析提取故障特征频率实现故障诊断。通过滚动轴承仿真信号和试验声学信号
验证了所提方法的有效性,该研究为旋转机械复合故障诊断提供了一种手段。
关键词: 复合故障; 滚动轴承; 奇异谱分解; 最大相关峭度解卷积
+
中图分类号: TH165 .3; TH133.3 文献标志码: A DOI:10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202508013
Application of singular spectrum decomposition and maximum correlation
kurtosis deconvolution in acoustic diagnosis of bearing faults
1,2
1,2
1
YAO Ronghua , ZHOU Jun , WU Xing , LIU Tao 1,2
(1.Faculty of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, China;
2.Key Laboratory of Advanced Equipment Intelligent Manufacturing Technology of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650500, China)
Abstract: The effective separation of fault feature components is the core of rolling bearing composite fault diagnosis. Under the
background of strong noise and mutual interference and coupling between various faults, the acoustic composite fault diagnosis of
rolling bearing is very challenging. In this paper, a composite fault acoustic diagnosis method based on optimized singular spectrum
decomposition (SSD) and parameter adaptive maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD) is proposed. The envelope
kurtosis is used as an indicator to assist SSD to quickly determine the optimal decomposition level, so as to overcome the uncertain‑
ty of the artificial empirical determination of the decomposition level and decompose the signal into multiple singular spectral com ‑
ponents. Combining the ratio of fault characteristic frequency energy amplitude as an index, the two singular spectral components
containing the main fault characteristic information are adaptively selected. The parameter adaptive MCKD is used to filter the se‑
lected optimal component and enhance the signal feature, and the fault feature frequency is extracted by envelope spectrum analysis
to realize fault diagnosis. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the simulation and experimental acoustic signals of
rolling bearings. The research provides a new means for the composite fault diagnosis of rotating machinery.
Keywords: compound fault; rolling bearing; singular spectrum decomposition; maximum correlation kurtosis deconvolution
滚动轴承作为现代动力传动系统最重要的部件 系统的破坏,因此对滚动轴承进行故障诊断有助于
之一,已广泛应用于航空航天、交通运输、海洋工程 提高机械系统工作的有效性、可靠性,保障设备安全
等领域。滚动轴承在长期高速运转、交变载荷等恶 运行 [1‑2] 。在实际情况中,滚动轴承的故障通常以多
劣的工作条件下极易发生损坏,从而导致整个工作 故障形式出现,且由于环境影响,噪声与复合故障之
收稿日期: 2023‑02‑28; 修订日期: 2023‑06‑25
基金项目: 云南省科技厅重大专项课题资助项目(202202AC080003‑3);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52065030);云南省
教育厅科学研究基金资助项目(2023Y0419)

