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              How Can Female Sports Fans Legitimize Themselves Under Male Domination?:
              A Study Based on the Weibo Super Topics of "National Table Tennis"

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              WANG Chuangye ,MA Xu ,DONG Jiaying ,ZHANG Enshuo ,LYU Yongfeng            1
              Abstract:In  male-dominated  sports  spaces,  female  sports  fans  consistently  face  stigmatization  challenges
              regarding their identity and practices. This study focuses on the Weibo Super Topics of Chinese National Table
              Tennis ("Guoping") athletes to explore how female fans legitimize their identity and actions. The findings, on the
              resource level, reveal that strategies like adaptation, boundary-drawing and performance are adopted to navigate
              muscular  sports  culture.  On  the  process  level,  narrative  translation,  moralization  and  the  strengthened  identity
              construction are used to link individual behaviors to societal values; while on the cognitive dimension, spillover
              effects and visibility labor are leveraged to broaden social recognition. The study also indicates that in the Chinese
              context, female sports fans can only seek recognition and gain legitimacy partially under the structural constraints
              of "state-market-society".
              Keywords:female sports fans; Weibo Super Topics; fandom circles; stigmatization; legitimization
              Authors' addresses: 1. School  of  Journalism  and  Communication,  Wuhan  Sports  University,  Wuhan  430079,
              Hubei, China; 2. School of Media and Communication, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, Hubei, China


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