Page 197 - 《水产学报》2026年第3期

3 期 吴海霞，等：草鱼 GCRV-II 抗原检测胶体金试剂盒研发与应用 50 卷

程度确定了胶体金免疫层析试纸条的最适 pH 标 中国水生动物卫生状况报告 [R]. 北京: 中国农业出版社,
记条件及最适添加量，解决了金标抗体与干扰物 2024.
的非特异性结合问题，提升了检测准确度。此外， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Bureau of Fisheries,
本研究通过精准配置金标抗体、检测抗体、捕获 National Fisheries Technology Extension Center. 2024 aquatic
抗体三者标记比例放大 T 线信号，并针对性地配 animal health in China[R]. Beijing: China Agricultural Press,
置了样本提取液，使试剂盒在操作效率与检测性 2024 (in Chinese).
能方面具有显著优势。更具独创性的是，本研究 [ 4 ] 农业农村部. 农业农村部公告 第 573 号 [EB/OL]. 北京: 农
评估了检测试剂盒对 GCRV-II 感染草鱼不同器官 业农村部, (2023-06-23) [2025-07-30]. https://www.moa.gov.
的检测结果，证实本试剂盒可通过靶向器官检测 cn/xw/bmdt/202206/t20220629_6403635.htm.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ministry of Agricul-
实现 GCRV-II 感染的监测应用和预警，减少疫病
ture and Rural Affairs Reports No. 573[EB/OL]. Beijing: Min-
造成的传播和损失。与 Li 等 [38] 建立的 RT-qPCR
istry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, (2023-06-23) [2025-07-
检测法相比，本技术将检测时长从 120 min 缩短
30] (in Chinese).
至 10 min，且无需依赖 RT-qPCR 仪等专业设备。
[ 5 ] Yang Z Q, Zhang H M, Yuan Z M, et al. The effects of GCRV
针对 Zeng 等 [34] 报道的 NASBA-ELISA 联用技术，
on various tissues of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and
本试剂盒具有成本优势，并通过肉眼判读结果规
identification of differential interferon-stimulating genes (ISGs)
避了酶标仪依赖性问题。在灵敏度方面，Wang 等 [39]
through muscle transcriptome analysis[J]. Ecotoxicology and
基于 VP10 蛋白建立的间接免疫荧光法 (IFA) 检测
Environmental Safety, 2024, 284: 116956.
2
最低值为 5.5×10 拷贝/mL，而本检测试剂盒灵敏
[ 6 ] Li P W, Zhang J, Chang M X. Structure, function and immune
度为 1.76×10 拷贝/μL，较现有技术显著提高。因 evasion strategies of aquareoviruses, with focus on grass carp
2
此，本检测试剂盒在时效性、经济性和灵敏度三 reovirus[J]. Reviews in Aquaculture, 2024, 16(1): 410-432.
个维度均展现出技术优势，为草鱼出血病现场诊 [ 7 ] Liu M, Xu C, Zhou Y, et al. Biochemical profiling of the pro-
断提供了具有应用价值的解决方案。 tein encoded by grass carp reovirus genotype II[J]. iScience,
综上所述，本研究开发了一种新型的 GCRV- 2024, 27(8): 110502.
II 抗原检测试剂盒。该技术的成功研发解决了现 [ 8 ] Mu C Y, Zhong Q W, Meng Y, et al. Oral vaccination of grass
有 GCRV-II 快速检测方法在临床应用中存在的假 carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) with baculovirus-expressed
阳性率高、灵敏度不足等瓶颈，为草鱼出血病的 grass carp reovirus (GCRV) proteins induces protective
防控提供技术支撑，为水产病毒性疾病抗原检测 immunity against GCRV infection[J]. Vaccines, 2021, 9(1): 41.
试剂盒的研发提供借鉴。 [ 9 ] Mu C Y, Vakharia V N, Zhou Y, et al. A novel subunit vaccine
based on outer capsid proteins of grass carp reovirus (GCRV)
（作者声明本文无利益冲突） provides protective immunity against GCRV infection in rare
minnow (Gobiocypris rarus)[J]. Pathogens, 2020, 9(11): 945.
参考文献 (References)： [10] Lu Y N, Zhao W H, Ji N, et al. Analysis of tissue tropism of

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中国水产学会主办 sponsored by China Society of Fisheries https://www.china-fishery.cn
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