Page 169 - 《摩擦学学报》2021年第5期

第 41 卷 第 5 期 摩 擦 学 学 报 Vol 41 No 5
2021 年 9 月 Tribology Sept, 2021

DOI: 10.16078/j.tribology.2020199

石墨烯润滑添加剂合成与结构调控

1
2
1*
陈广炎 , 赵 军 , 何永勇 , 雒建斌 1
(1. 清华大学 摩擦学国家重点实验室, 北京 100084;
2. 北京化工大学 机电工程学院, 北京 100029)
摘 要: 石墨烯的微观结构在其摩擦学性能中起到重要作用，而微观结构又与其合成方法密切相关. 因此，梳理石墨
烯的合成方法、微观结构调控策略、摩擦学性能以及润滑机理之间的关系对于开发高性能的石墨烯润滑添加剂具
有重要意义. 本文作者从石墨烯润滑添加剂的合成与结构调控出发，综述了多种调控石墨烯微观结构的合成方法，
归纳了石墨烯稳定分散的合成策略，阐述了石墨烯润滑添加剂的微观结构对其摩擦学性能的影响，探讨了石墨烯
的微观结构演变与润滑机理，最后总结并指出石墨烯作为高性能润滑添加剂仍需研究的问题及未来的发展趋势.
关键词: 石墨烯; 润滑添加剂; 微观结构; 摩擦学; 纳米材料
中图分类号: TH117.3 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1004-0595(2021)05–0758–15

Research Progress on Synthesis and Structural Control of
Graphene Lubricant Additives

1 2 1* 1
CHEN Guangyan , ZHAO Jun , HE Yongyong , LUO Jianbin

(1. State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029,
China)
Abstract: The microstructure of graphene plays an important role in its tribological properties, which is closely related
to its synthesis method. Therefore, it is of great significance to clarify the relationship between graphene synthetic
methods, microstructure control strategies, tribological properties and lubrication mechanisms for the development of
high-performance graphene lubricant additives. Focusing on the synthesis and structural control of graphene lubricant
additives, this article reviews a variety of synthetic methods for adjusting the microstructure of graphene, and
summarizes the synthetic strategies for stable dispersion as well as the effects of microstructures on tribological
properties. In addition, the microstructure evolution and the lubrication mechanisms of graphene are discussed. At last,
the problems and the future trend of graphene as a high-performance lubricant additive are pointed out.
Key words: graphene; lubricant additives; microstructure; tribology; nanomaterials

据统计，机械系统中有1/3~1/2的能源都消耗在各 状态时，液体润滑难以形成稳定的润滑膜，从而引发
[1]
种形式的摩擦行为上 . 因此，合理地控制摩擦和磨损 严重的摩擦和磨损. 为此，通常会在润滑液中添加润
至关重要. 当前，使用液体润滑是降低摩擦磨损最直 滑添加剂来改善其在边界润滑状态下的润滑效果 [2-3] .
接有效的途径之一，它能通过在摩擦界面形成润滑膜 近年来，随着纳米材料的兴起，纳米润滑添加剂的研
来减少摩擦. 然而，当摩擦处于边界润滑或混合润滑 究受到了学者们的广泛关注 [4-5] . 纳米材料凭借其尺寸

Received 14 September 2020, revised 13 December 2020, accepted 14 December 2020, available online 28 September 2021.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: heyy@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn, Tel: +86-10-6278 7932.
The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51905027), the National Key R&D Program of
China (2018YFB2000801) and the National Key Research Program of China (2014CB046404).
国家自然科学基金(51905027), 国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2000801)和国家重点基础研发计划(2014CB046404)资助.