Page 27 - 《摩擦学学报》2021年第3期

第 41 卷 第 3 期 摩 擦 学 学 报 Vol 41 No 3
2021 年 5 月 Tribology May, 2021

DOI: 10.16078/j.tribology.2019251

考虑磨损的接触式端面密封模型及试验

*
惠玉祥, 刘 莹 , 王悦昶, 黄伟峰, 李永健
(清华大学 摩擦学国家重点实验室，北京 100084)

摘 要: 针对油润滑窄端面接触式端面密封，建立了考虑端面稳定磨损的密封性能分析模型. 基于流体承载和固体
接触承载共同平衡闭合力的传统思路，引入Archard磨损模型，创新性地提出沿窄端面径向方向磨损均匀假设，从而
使用半解析方法得到近似固体接触力、流体承载力及介质膜厚分布. 在此基础上耦合密封环组件力和热变形，最终
得到密封泄漏量、端面温度等性能参数. 相应台架试验结果也较好地验证了模型的正确性. 所建模型对于窄端面接
触式端面密封的性能分析和密封优化设计具有指导意义.
关键词: 接触式密封; 端面磨损; 性能模型; 混合润滑; 试验验证
中图分类号: TH137 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1004-0595(2021)03–0316–09

Contact End Face Seals Considering Wear:
Modelling and Experiments

*
HUI Yuxiang, LIU Ying , WANG Yuechang, HUANG Weifeng, LI Yongjian

(State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)
Abstract: A theoretical model for narrow end face contact seals lubricated by oil was proposed in this work, in which
the wear of end face during steady wear state was considered. The basic concept of the present model was the load
balance between close force and open force, which was the composite of solid contact force and fluid support force at
the sealing interface. In addition, the Archard wear model was utilized, resulting in an novel assumption which was the
uniformity of wear along the radial direction of the end face seals. Then, the solid contact force, fluid load capacity, and
the fluid film thickness distribution were estimated approximately by semi-analytical formulae. Next the mechanical and
thermal deformation of seal components were involved to form the classic thermal elastic hydrodynamic lubrication
model. Finally, the performance parameters of end face seals, e.g. leakage of seals and end face temperature, were
predicted. Corresponding experiments were conducted and compared with the prediction values of the present model.
The results illustrate the validity of this novel model, which could be a guideline for the performance analysis and
structure optimization of narrow end face contact seals.
Key words: contact seal; end face wear; sealing performance; mixed lubrication; experimental verification

端面密封在旋转机械中起着重要的作用，化工流 验研究，对工程实际应用具有重要的指导意义.
[1]
程中95%左右的旋转设备采用了端面密封 . 接触式 自1885年端面密封出现以来，学者们建立多种模
端面密封普遍工作在混合润滑状态，密封件端面磨损 型对接触式端面密封性能进行评估和分析. Lebeck [3]
不可避免，进而导致泄漏率增加引发密封失效，密封 首次用统计学方法建立了混合润滑模型，证明了表面
[2]
失效可能造成严重的人身安全事故和重大财产损失 . 特征对接触式端面密封性能有关键性意义，Wen等 [4]
因此，考虑摩擦磨损的接触式端面密封性能理论与试 建立了混合摩擦热流固耦合模型，进一步量化了表面

Received 12 December 2019, revised 7 July 2020, accepted 9 July 2020, available online 28 May 2021.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: liuying@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn, Tel: +86-10-62782336.
The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51975315).
国家自然科学基金项目(51975315)资助.