Page 94 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第10期

第 46 卷 第 10 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 46, No. 10
2026 年 10 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Oct., 2026

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2025-0146

斜交节理岩体中纵波传播特性的理论研究 *

胡 刚 ，宋宝森 ，费鸿禄 ，包士杰 ，郭 建 1
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（1. 辽宁工程技术大学爆破技术研究院，辽宁 阜新 123000；
2. 黑龙江科技大学矿业工程学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150022）
摘要： 为了探究非线性斜交节理岩体中纵波的传播特性，采用理论分析、对比验证、数值计算相结合的方法，首
先引用双曲线本构模型，基于应力波与线性单节理的交互作用关系，根据叠加原理推导纵波入射非线性斜交节理的传
播方程；然后依据文献给出的入射纵波参数与节理岩体条件，计算透反射系数，结果与文献的非常接近，验证了理论模
型的准确性；最后选取 δ 函数的辅助函数作为入射纵波，并对波形、持时以及节理刚度对斜交节理岩体中纵波传播特
性进行参数分析，得到相关参数的影响规律。结果表明：δ 函数的辅助函数入射斜交节理时具有明显的幅值降低、幅
值时刻滞后以及持时延长的现象，更能体现纵波短时内的突变特性和非线性衰减特征；入射纵波持时的增大会明显提
高 P 波的透射性能，稍微降低 P 波和 S 波的反射特性；随着节理初始法向刚度和切向刚度的增大，S 波反射系数呈下凹
曲面型衰减，P 波透射系数呈上凸曲面型递增，P 波的透射性能与节理法向刚度相关性密切，S 波的反射特性受斜交节
理中第 2 条节理影响显著。
关键词： 斜交节理岩体；透反射系数；纵波；持时；刚度；δ 函数的辅助函数
中图分类号： O383; TU45 国标学科代码： 13035 文献标志码： A

Theoretical study on propagation characteristics of P-wave
in oblique joints rock mass

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HU Gang , SONG Baosen , FEI Honglu , BAO Shijie , GUO Jian 1
（1. Institute of Blasting Technique, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, Liaoning, China;
2. College of Mining Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology,
Harbin 150022, Heilongjiang, China）
Abstract: In order to investigate the propagation characteristics of P-wave in nonlinear oblique joints rock mass, a
comprehensive approach integrating theoretical analysis, comparative validation and numerical calculation was employed.
Initially, the hyperbolic joint constitutive model featuring normal nonlinear deformation and tangential linear deformation was
presented. Based on the interaction relationship between stress waves and a linear single joint, the propagation equation for P-
wave incident on oblique joints was derived according to superposition principle. Then, by using the parameters of the incident
P-wave and the conditions of jointed rock mass reported in literature, the transmission and reflection coefficients were
calculated and found to be in close agreement, verifying the accuracy and feasibility of the theoretical model. Furthermore, the
auxiliary function of δ function was selected as the incident P-wave to analyze the influence rule of waveform, duration and
joint stiffness on the propagation characteristics of P-wave in oblique joints rock mass through parameter study. The results
demonstrate that the phenomenon of amplitude reduction, amplitude-time delay and duration extension is pronounced when the
auxiliary function of δ function incident on oblique joints, which can better reflect the abrupt change characteristics and

* 收稿日期： 2025-05-20；修回日期： 2025-06-26
基金项目： 辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目（青年项目）基金（JYTQN2023206）；江汉大学省部共建精细爆破国家重点实验室、
江汉大学爆破工程湖北省重点实验室联合开发基金（PBSKL2023B12）。
第一作者： 胡 刚（1990－ ），男，博士，讲师，hugang900317@163.com

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