Page 27 - 《真空与低温》2026年第2期
P. 27
真空与低温 第 32 卷 第 2 期
146 Vacuum and Cryogenics 2026 年 3 月
基 于 响 应 面 法 的 超 导 磁 体 用 真 空 容 器 壁 厚 优 化
白煦延 1,2 ，汪逸超 1,2 ，崔云飞 1,2 ，李 鑫 1,2 ，高 鹏 2,3*
（1. 安徽理工大学 机电工程学院，安徽 淮南 232001；2. 合肥综合性国家科学中心
能源研究院，合肥 230031；3. 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院，合肥 230031）
摘要：真空容器是保障超导磁体在低温环境下稳定运行的关键部件，较高的真空度能够显著降低冷却磁体所
需的制冷功率，减少系统漏热，从而维持磁体在极低温环境下的热稳定性。区别于传统的真空容器结构，面向磁
镜场型超导磁体应用的真空容器还包含用于等离子体观测的径向室温孔以及安装制冷机用的阀箱，其壁厚设计
直接影响容器的安全性、经济性与整体性能。该论文通过 ANSYS Workbench 静态结构模块中的线性化应力分析
功能，结合 Design Expert 软件中的 Box-Behnken 实验设计方法，对现有真空容器壁厚进行了初步设计与应力分析，
并采用响应面分析法开展多目标优化设计，以获取容器壁厚的最优配置方案。优化后的真空容器薄膜应力水平
降低了 40.8%，整体质量减轻了 5.05%。本研究可为同类真空容器壁厚的结构设计与优化提供可靠的理论依据与
有效的设计方法。
关键词：真空容器；应力线性化；响应面法；容器壁厚
中图分类号：TB754 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-7086（2026）02-0146-07
DOI：10.12446/j.issn.1006-7086.2026.02.004
Optimization Design of Vacuum Container for Superconducting Magnet Applications
Based on Response Surface Methodology
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
BAI Xuyan ，WANG Yichao ，CUI Yunfei ，LI Xin ，GAO Peng 2,3*
（1. School of Mechatronic Engineering，Anhui University of Science and Technology，Huainan 232001，Anhui，China；
2. Institute of Energy，Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center，Hefei 230031，China；
3. Hefei Institutes of Physical Science，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Hefei 230031，China）
Abstract：The vacuum vessel is a critical component to ensure the stable operation of superconducting magnets in cryo-
genic environments. A relatively high degree of vacuum can remarkably reduce the refrigeration power required for cooling
the magnet and mitigate the system heat leakage，thereby maintaining the thermal stability of the magnet under an extremely
low-temperature environment. Different from the structural form of conventional vacuum vessels，the vacuum vessel for su-
perconducting magnet applications with magnetic mirror field type is additionally equipped with radial room-temperature
ports for plasma observation and valve boxes for cryocooler installation，where the design of wall thickness directly exerts a
decisive influence on the operational safety，economic efficiency and overall performance of the vessel. In this study，aiming
at the external pressure working condition under the standard atmospheric pressure，an optimal design was carried out for the
existing vessel structure. The linearized stress analysis function in the Static Structural module of ANSYS Workbench was
adopted，combined with the Box-Behnken experimental design method in Design Expert software. On this basis，the multi-
objective optimization research was conducted by using the Response Surface Methodology to obtain the optimal configura-
tion scheme of the vessel wall thickness. The results show that after the structural optimization，the membrane stress level of
the vessel is reduced by 40.8%，and the overall mass of the vessel is lightened by 5.05%. This research work provides a reli-
able theoretical basis and an effective design method for the structural design and optimization of wall thickness for the same
收稿日期：2025−12−18
基金项目：合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院（安徽省能源实验室）资助项目（25KZS210）；中国科学院“百人计划”B 类
人才计划资助项目（2022000625）
作者简介：白煦延，硕士研究生。E-mail：baixuyan99@foxmail.com
通信作者：高鹏，博士，研究员。E-mail：peng.gao@ipp.ac.cn
