Page 98 - 《真空与低温》2025年第4期

第 31 卷 第 4 期 真空与低温
2025 年 7 月 Vacuum and Cryogenics 513

用 于 锁 模 控 制 的 改 进 型 遗 传 算 法 仿 真 研 究

胡谦谦，杨瑞强 ，代 虎，张文玺，张 佳，刘志栋，杨 炜，陈 江，涂建辉
*
（兰州空间技术物理研究所 真空技术与物理重点实验室，兰州 730000）

摘要：光学频率梳技术是推动真空计量技术实现创新性发展的有力工具。被动锁模光纤光频梳是产生飞秒
光梳的主要手段，基于非线性偏振旋转（NPR）的被动锁模方式具有结构简单、输出脉冲窄的特点，其被应用于光
频梳产生。为了解决 NPR 光纤激光器自动锁模问题，基于耦合非线性薛定谔方程组（CNLSE）构建激光器的动力
学模型，提出并优化了新的遗传算法目标函数。通过评估锁模域在全域的占比，优化配置种群初始数量和迭代次
数。通过数值仿真方法验证了新遗传算法的可行性，实现了激光器的自动锁模。该方法有助于推动 NPR 光纤激
光器的工程化应用。
关键词：光纤激光器；遗传算法；耦合非线性薛定谔方程组；自动锁模
中图分类号：TB71 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006−7086（2025）04−0513−07
DOI：10.12446/j.issn.1006-7086.2025.04.013

Simulation of Improved Genetic Algorithm for Mode-locked Control

*
HU Qianqian，YANG Ruiqiang ，DAI Hu，ZHANG Wenxi，ZHANG Jia，LIU Zhidong，YANG Wei，CHEN Jiang，TU Jianhui
（Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory，
Lanzhou Institute of Physics，Lanzhou 730000，China）

Abstract： Optical frequency comb technology serves as a powerful tool driving innovative advancements in vacuum
metrology. Passively mode-locked fiber optical frequency combs， a primary method for generating femtosecond frequency
combs，have gained prominence due to their simplicity in design and ultrashort pulse output characteristics by utilizing the
nonlinear polarization rotation （NPR） mechanism for mode-locking. However， due to the high nonlinearity of NPR fiber
lasers，traditional control methods struggle to stabilize mode-locking. Additionally，the system is susceptible to environmen-
tal disturbances，and mode-locking failure often occurs after initial locking，significantly limiting its practical applications.
The mode-locking principles of NPR fiber lasers are briefly introduced. A simulation model of the mode-locked laser is estab-
lished using coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations （CNLSE），and MATLAB software is employed to simulate the evolu-
tion of intracavity electric fields from initial white noise in the [0–0.1] normalized amplitude range to Gaussian pulses with
peak amplitudes around 5. The characteristics of fundamental mode-locked pulses are analyzed and summarized. Building on
this model，a genetic control algorithm is implemented to simulate the automatic mode locking process. The effectiveness of
the genetic algorithm is validated by comparing results under different objective functions. Based on the fundamental mode-
locked pulse characteristics revealed in simulations，the objective function is optimized. Through parameter traversal，the dis-
tribution of mode-locking points in the domain is illustrated，and the proportion of the mode-locking region in the entire do-
main is evaluated via random sampling to refine genetic algorithm parameters.This methodology holds significant potential
for advancing the engineering applications of NPR-based fiber lasers.
Key words：fiber lasers；genetic algorithms；coupled nonlinear schrdinger equations；automatic lock mode

0 引言 等特性，被广泛应用于真空分压力测量 [1-2] 、超快光
[3]
[6]
用于光频梳产生的超短脉冲激光具有高时间 谱 、频率计量 [4-5] 、光通信 、材料加工 [7-8] 等领域，
分辨率、高空间分辨率、高带宽以及高峰值功率 是目前光电子学领域热门研究方向。

收稿日期：2024−12−08
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（62275114）；国防重点实验室基金（HTKJ2021KL510001）；甘肃省科技重大专项（23ZDGA013）
作者简介：胡谦谦，硕士研究生。E-mail：2648290032@qq.com
通信作者：杨瑞强，研究员。E-mail：yangruo@sina.com