Page 94 - 《振动工程学报》2026年第3期
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第 39 卷第 3 期                       振  动  工  程  学  报                                  Vol. 39 No. 3
               2026 年 3 月                      Journal of Vibration Engineering                       Mar. 2026



                           可调双稳态阵列式非线性吸振器的俘能

                                           与减振性能优化研究



                                               黄兴保 ,张  啸 ,杨斌堂                2
                                                       1
                                                                  2
                                  (1. 湖南大学桥梁工程安全与韧性全国重点实验室, 湖南 长沙 410082;
                                     2. 上海交通大学机械系统与振动全国重点实验室, 上海 200240)


              摘要: 本文提出了一种基于能量转化的阵列式动力吸振器(EC⁃DVAs)的非线性振动控制策略,以解决小质量比和宽幅冲击工程
              难题。进行了参数化研究,进而以能量传递和转化效率最大化为目标,分别对质量比和单元数量进行了优化分析。EC⁃DVAs 由
              结构相同或不同的非线性主动可调振子单元组成,非线性刚度为双稳态或立方刚度。研究结果表明,当 EC⁃DVA 单元数量为 4
             (质量比 μ=0.025)时,长度比 σ 为 0.8 的中势垒双稳态阵列,在宽幅冲击下具有显著的振动抑制效果和能量转化效率。质量比
              优化分析表明,在弱脉冲激励和较大势能势垒情况下,最优质量比接近 0.025;当长度比 σ 在 0.85~0.95 之间时,双稳态势垒较
              小,最优质量比约为 0.016。采用小单元质量比的双稳态 EC⁃DVA 阵列,可同时实现高效能量转化和冲击能量吸收,并保持主
              系统的高冲击鲁棒性和稳定性。两种优化策略表明,双稳态势垒较大时,减少单元数量可提高振动抑制性能和能量转化效率;
              当势垒较小时,增加单元数量并减小质量比可获得最优振动抑制效果。
              关键词: 双稳态; 振动抑制; 能量转化; 阵列式动力吸振器; 优化分析
              中图分类号: TH113.1    文献标志码: A    DOI:10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004⁃4523.202406011


               Optimization study on energy harvesting and vibration damping performance
                        of adjustable bistable array‑based nonlinear vibration absorbers


                                                       1
                                                                     2
                                       HUANG Xingbao , ZHANG Xiao , YANG Bintang     2
                  (1.State Key Laboratory of Bridge Engineering Safety and Resilience, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
                  2.State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

              Abstract: This paper proposes a nonlinear vibration control strategy for an array-based energy conversion dynamic vibration absorb⁃
              er (EC-DVAs) to address the engineering challenges of a small mass ratio and wide-range impact. Initially, a parametric study was
              conducted, followed by an optimization analysis of the mass ratio and unit quantity aimed at maximizing energy transfer and conver⁃
              sion efficiency. The EC-DVAs are composed of nonlinear active adjustable oscillator units, either structurally identical or different,
              with nonlinear stiffness characterized by bistable or cubic stiffness. The study results indicate that when the number of EC-DVA
              units is four (mass ratio μ=0.025), the bistable array with a length ratio σ of 0.8 demonstrates significant vibration suppression and
              energy conversion efficiency under the wide-range impact. The mass ratio optimization analysis reveals that under weak pulse exci⁃
              tation and larger potential energy barriers, the optimal mass ratio is approximately 0.025; when the length ratio σ is between 0.85
              and 0.95, the optimal mass ratio is about 0.016, indicating smaller bistable barriers. The bistable EC-DVA array with a small unit
              mass ratio can simultaneously achieve efficient energy conversion and impact energy absorption, maintaining high impact robust⁃
              ness and stability of the primary system. The two optimization strategies indicate that reducing the number of units can enhance vi⁃
              bration suppression performance and energy conversion efficiency when the bistable barrier is large; when the barrier is small, in⁃
              creasing the number of units and reducing the mass ratio can achieve an optimal vibration suppression effect.

              Keywords: bistable;vibration suppression;energy conversion;array⁃based dynamic vibration absorbers;optimization analysis

                  动力吸振器(DVA)因结构简单、安装方便、质                        (FIV) [4⁃6] 、不平衡旋转机械     [7⁃8] 、车辆交通引起的动
              量小等优点已广泛应用于如地震激励                  [1⁃3] 、流致振动     态振动   [9⁃11] 、热交替载荷  [12⁃13] 等引起的机械和建筑结


                  收稿日期: 2024⁃06⁃05; 修订日期: 2024⁃09⁃19
                  基金项目: 上海交通大学“科技兴蒙”专项(2022XYJG0001⁃01⁃04);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52173239,52305103)
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