Page 143 - 《振动工程学报》2026年第3期
P. 143
第 39 卷第 3 期 振 动 工 程 学 报 Vol. 39 No. 3
2026 年 3 月 Journal of Vibration Engineering Mar. 2026
融合格拉姆角差场纹理特征的滚动轴承
性能退化评估
王晓龙 1,2 , 付锐棋 , 金韩微 , 张博文 , 李英晟 , 何玉灵 1,2
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(1. 华北电力大学机械工程系,河北 保定 071000;
2. 华北电力大学河北省电力机械装备健康维护与失效预防重点实验室,河北 保定 071000)
摘要: 针对滚动轴承在早期退化时刻难以被准确检测的问题,提出一种基于格拉姆角差场纹理特征融合的性能退化评估方法。
对滚动轴承原始振动信号进行鲁棒局部均值分解,根据相关系数选择合适分量进行重构,利用格拉姆角差场将重构信号转化
为图像样本并进行灰度化处理,通过灰度差分统计法对图像纹理特性进行量化表征,并通过对纹理特征指标加权融合构造出
轴承性能退化曲线,然后结合切比雪夫不等式健康阈值策略实现轴承性能退化评估。滚动轴承全寿命周期加速疲劳试验数据
验证结果表明,该方法能够准确跟踪轴承运行状态,及时捕捉到初始退化时刻,实现轴承性能退化过程的准确评估,对于实际
工程应用具有一定参考及借鉴价值。
关键词: 故障诊断; 滚动轴承; 性能退化评估; 格拉姆角差场; 纹理特征; 灰度差分统计
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中图分类号: TH165 .3; TH133.33 文献标志码: A DOI:10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004⁃4523.202401051
Performance degradation assessment of rolling bearing by fusing texture feature
of Gramian angular difference fields
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WANG Xiaolong , FU Ruiqi , JIN Hanwei , ZHANG Bowen , LI Yingsheng , HE Yuling 1,2
(1.Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071000, China;
2.Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenance and Failure Prevention,
North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071000, China)
Abstract: Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to accurately detect the early degradation time of rolling bearings, a performance
degradation assessment method based on the Gramian angular difference fields texture feature fusion is proposed. The original vi⁃
bration signal of rolling bearings is decomposed by robust local mean decomposition, and the appropriate components are selected
for reconstruction according to the correlation coefficient. The reconstructed signal is transformed into an image sample by using the
Gram angular difference fields and subjected to grayscale processing. The image texture characteristics are quantified and character⁃
ized by gray-scale difference statistics, and the bearing performance degradation curve is constructed by weighted fusion of texture
feature indexes. The Chebyshev inequality health threshold strategy is combined to realize the bearing performance degradation as⁃
sessment. The verification results of the whole life cycle accelerated fatigue test data of rolling bearings show that the method can
accurately track the running state of bearings, capture the initial degradation moment in time, and realize the accurate assessment
of the degradation process of bearing performance. It has certain reference value for practical engineering applications.
Keywords: fault diagnosis; rolling bearing; performance degradation assessment; Gramian angular difference fields; texture
feature;gray⁃scale difference statistics
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滚动轴承作为旋转机械的关键零部件,其性能 降,将严重影响机械设备的正常安全运行 。因此
状态直接关系到机械设备的安全性与可靠性。若滚 开展滚动轴承性能退化评估研究,及时制定预测性
动轴承在运行过程中出现损伤未能及时被检测,随 维护策略,对提高工业生产效率具有重要意义。
着损伤程度的加剧,滚动轴承的工作性能将急剧下 通常传感器采集到的滚动轴承振动信号中蕴含
收稿日期: 2024⁃01⁃18; 修订日期: 2024⁃03⁃22
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52005180);河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2022502003);中央高校基本科研
业务费专项资金资助项目(2023MS127)

