Page 305 - 《振动工程学报》2025年第11期
P. 305
第 38 卷第 11 期 振 动 工 程 学 报 Vol. 38 No. 11
2025 年 11 月 Journal of Vibration Engineering Nov. 2025
多 因 素 影 响 陶 俑 修 复 品 包 装 系 统 动 力 学 特 性 研 究
李国志 , 陈佳怡 , 雒波波 , 王蕊蕊 , 王东峰 , 李文凤 3
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(1. 陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院,陕西 西安 710021; 2. 秦始皇帝陵博物院,陕西 西安 710021;
3. 陕西科技大学设计与艺术学院,陕西 西安 710021; 4. 中国轻工业功能印刷与运输包装重点实验室,陕西 西安 710021)
摘要:文物因造型各异且具备不可复制性,不仅难以通过破坏性试验获取准确脆值,而且其自身(尤其陶俑修复品这类含复杂
结构与断裂修复部位的易碎陶质文物)易在外部作用下受损,导致脆值确定成为文物防护的核心难题。为解决这一难题,本
文以该类陶俑为研究对象,聚焦多因素影响下的陶俑修复品包装系统动力学模型构建:针对陶俑断片,建立含 n 个易损件的
系统动力学模型;针对陶俑整体结构,建立含有集中质量悬臂梁易损件的系统动力学模型;综合上述 2 种模型,构建陶俑整体
的多因素非线性系统动力学模型,并构建其系统的动力学方程。利用四阶-龙格库塔法与 Newmark 法,以含有 3 个断片易损件
的 50 cm 武士俑为例,对整体多因素动力学模型进行数值求解。研究在确定缓冲材料的情况下,不同易损部件在外部激励下
的响应,以预测陶俑的脆值范围,判断易损件的破损情况。试验结果表明分析结果具有较高的可靠性,且该破损评估方法可
以有效界定陶俑文物的脆值范围,为陶质文物防护包装设计提供方法借鉴。
关键词: 易损件;动力学模型;动力学特性;陶制品
中图分类号:TB485.3 文献标志码:A DOI:10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202508074
Dynamic characteristics of packaging systems for repaired warrior figurines
under multiple factors
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LI Guozhi ,CHEN Jiayi ,LUO Bobo ,WANG Ruirui ,WANG Dongfeng ,LI Wenfeng 3
(1.College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;
2.Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum,Xi’an 710021,China;3.School of Art and Design,Shaanxi University of
Science and Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;4.Key Laboratory of Functional Printing and Transport Packaging of
China National Light Industry,Xi’an 710021,China)
Abstract:Cultural relics,owing to their diverse forms and irreplaceable nature,are difficult to determine for brittleness through destructive
testing. Their fragile ceramic structures-particularly those of repaired clay figurines with complex geometries and restored fracture sites—are
highly susceptible to damage from external forces,making the determination of brittleness a core challenge in cultural heritage protection. To
address this issue,this study focuses on constructing a dynamic model for the packaging system of repaired clay figurines considering multiple
influencing factors. First,a dynamic model for a system containing n fragile components is established to represent the vulnerable fragments of
clay figurines. Then,a system dynamics model with fragile components of lumped-mass cantilever beams is developed for the overall structure
of terracotta figurines. These two models are subsequently integrated to form a comprehensive multi-factor nonlinear system dynamics model
for the entire ceramic figurine,from which the governing system equations are derived. Finally,using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method
and the Newmark method,the complete multi-factor dynamics model is numerically solved,taking as an example a 50 cm warrior figurine
containing three fragile components. The study analyzes the responses of different vulnerable components under external excitation with a given
cushioning material to assess their potential damage. Experimental validation shows that the analysis results are highly reliable. The results
indicate that this damage assessment method can effectively define the brittleness range of ceramic figurine artifacts,providing a valuable
methodological reference for the design of protective packaging for ceramic cultural relics.
Keywords:fragile component;dynamic model;dynamic characteristics;ceramic artifact
收稿日期:2025-08-15;修订日期:2025-10-13
基金项目:陕 西 省 科 技 厅 陕 西 省 创 新 能 力 支 撑 计 划 项 目 (2025JC-GXPT-022); 秦 始 皇 帝 陵 博 物 院 青 年 开 放 课 题
(Qkfkt202404)

