Page 82 - 《振动工程学报》2025年第8期
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第 38 卷第 8 期 振 动 工 程 学 报 Vol. 38 No. 8
2025 年 8 月 Journal of Vibration Engineering Aug. 2025
直升机主减速器周期撑杆混合振动控制的
机电耦合特性及工作机理研究
岳慧裕 , 陆 洋 , 党 崇 , 李程磊 , 马锦超 , 冯剑波 2
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(1. 南京航空航天大学直升机动力学全国重点实验室,江苏 南京 210016;
2. 中国融通集团第六十研究所,江苏 南京 210016)
摘要: 直升机主减速器中的齿轮在啮合过程中产生的谐波振动是直升机舱内噪声的主要来源之一,设计具有隔振性能的齿轮
箱撑杆抑制振动向机体传递,可达到舱内降噪的目的。压电叠堆与金属材料周期排列组成压电叠堆周期撑杆(piezoelectric
stack actuators periodic strut,PSAPS),其在特定频带范围内具有“机械滤波”特性,为被动控制;调节 PSAPS 中压电叠堆的驱
动电压,使压电叠堆呈现出变刚度特性,为主动控制。为研究 PSAPS 的主动与被动混合振动控制方式间的耦合关系,针对压
电叠堆中弹性波的传播与周期结构的机械滤波特性,设计了满足直升机齿轮啮合噪声抑制需求的 PSAPS 方案,并建立了其传
递矩阵形式机电耦合动力学模型。从频域的角度将 PSAPS 两端的力与速度、驱动电压与电流、杆件几何参数与材料参数耦合
起来,得到在压电叠堆最大驱动电压、电流的限制下,主、被动混合振动控制的最优力传递率;并分析了 PSAPS 中的橡胶阻尼
损耗因子、激振力幅值、周期数对主动控制所需驱动电压与电流的影响规律。
关键词: 直升机; 振动与噪声; 周期结构; 混合振动控制
中图分类号: TB535; TH132.46 文献标志码: A DOI:10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202508008
Electromechanical coupling characteristics and working mechanism
of hybrid vibration control for PSAPS supporting the helicopter main reducer
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YUE Huiyu , LU Yang , DANG Chong , LI Chenglei , MA Jinchao , FENG Jianbo 2
(1.National Key Laboratory of Rotorcraft Aeromechanics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,
Nanjing 210016, China; 2.The 60th Research Institute of CRTC, Nanjing 210016,China)
Abstract: The harmonic vibration produced by the gear meshing in the helicopter’s main reducer is one of the main sources of noise
in the helicopter cabin. Designing vibration-isolating gearbox struts to suppress vibration transmission to the airframe can effectively
reduce cabin noise. The piezoelectric stack actuators periodic strut (PSAPS), composed of periodically arranged piezoelectric
stacks and metallic materials, demonstrates ‘mechanical filtering’ characteristics within specific frequency bands, serving as a pas‑
sive vibration control method. By adjusting the driving voltage of piezoelectric stacks in PSAPS to achieve variable stiffness charac‑
teristics, active vibration control is enabled. In order to study the electromechanical coupling relationship between active vibration
control and passive vibration control of PSAPSs, a specialized PSAPS configuration is developed to address helicopter gear mesh‑
ing noise suppression, and the electromechanical coupling dynamic model of PSAPSs with the form of transfer matrix is estab‑
lished for the mechanical filtering characteristics of periodic structure and elastic wave propagation in piezoelectric stack. In frequen‑
cy domain, the force and velocity at both ends of the PSAPSs, the driving voltage and current, the geometrical parameters of the
strut and the material parameters are coupled in this model. In this paper, the maximum attenuation rate of the PSAPS can be ob‑
tained under the limitation of the maximum driving voltage and current of the piezoelectric stack by using this model. The influence
of rubber damping loss factor, excitation force, and cell number in PSAPS on the required driving voltage and current for active
control is analyzed in this article.
Keywords: helicopter; vibration and noise; periodic structure; hybrid vibration control
收稿日期: 2023-07-05; 修订日期: 2023-09-16
基金项目: 航空科学基金资助项目(2024M009052002);国家资助博士后研究人员计划项目(GZB20240969);中国博士后
科学基金资助项目(2024M754135);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20241375)

