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第 38 卷第 8 期 振 动 工 程 学 报 Vol. 38 No. 8
2025 年 8 月 Journal of Vibration Engineering Aug. 2025
舱室噪声主动控制系统布放优化与试验研究
石利权 , 梁宁远 , 周国成 , 车昭兵 , 李善军 , 靳国永 1
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(1. 哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001;
2. 中国航空工业空气动力研究院空气动力噪声及其控制黑龙江省重点实验室, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001;
3. 中国船舶集团有限公司系统工程研究院, 北京 100094)
摘要: 直升机舱室噪声对舱内的环境舒适度和安全性有极大的负面影响。针对应用于舱室噪声主动控制系统的电声器件布放
问题,本文基于带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法,对舱室封闭空间声场进行空间离散化处理,进一步将电声器件数量寻优、
位置寻优,次级声源发声强度寻优问题转化为组合优化问题,以测点处声压平方和最小为控制目标,将多目标进化算法与主动
控制方法相结合,对系统的电声器件布放进行寻优求解。综合考虑降噪系统的复杂性与可行性以及舱室内部空间的有限性,
选择控制系统次级声源与误差传声器为 4 通道配置。独立多次重复运行寻优程序,统计出电声器件最常出现的位置,并在此
基础上进行了计算机仿真。最后在实际模拟舱室中开展了试验,结果表明:寻优结果可使舱内人员坐姿头部高度处降噪量最
高达到 24.9 dB,全局降噪量达到 19.4 dB。
关键词: 舱室噪声; 有源噪声控制; 多目标优化; 第二代非支配排序遗传算法; 电声器件; 仿真及试验
中图分类号: TB535 文献标志码: A DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202310032
Optimal placement and experimental study on active noise control
system in the cabin
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SHI Liquan , LIANG Ningyuan , ZHOU Guocheng , CHE Zhaobing ,
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LI Shanjun , JIN Guoyong 1
(1. College of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
2. Aerodynamic Noise and Control Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Province, AVIC Aerodynamics Research Institute,
Harbin 150001, China; 3. System Engineering Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Co., Ltd., Beijing 100094, China)
Abstract: Helicopter cabin noise negatively impacts cabin environmental comfort and safety. In this paper, non-dominated sorting
genetic algorithm Ⅱ is used to solve the electro-acoustic device placement problem of the active control system applied in the cabin.
An appropriate spatial discretization of the sound field of the confined space is preformed, and then the electro-acoustic devices
placement optimization problem, quantity optimization problem, and secondary source sound intensity optimization problem are
further transformed into a combinatorial optimization problem. Taking the minimun value of the sum of the squares of the acoustic
pressures at the measurement points as the control objective, the multi-objective optimization algorithm combined with the active
control algorithm is adopted to solve the optimal placement of electroacoustic devices in the system. Considering the noise control
system’s complexity and feasibility and limited space inside the cabin, the control system’s secondary sound sources and error sen‑
sors are selected as a 4-channel configuration. The optimization program is repeated several times independently, and the most fre‑
quently occurring positions of electroacoustic devices are counted, based on which computer simulation and experiment are conduct‑
ed, and the results show that the optimization results can make the noise reduction at the height of the head of the cabin personnel
in the sitting position reach up to 24.9 dB, and the global noise reduction reaches 19.4 dB.
Keywords: cabin noise; active noise control; multi-objective optimization; non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ ; electro-
acoustic devices; simulation and experiment
在直升机等现代航空飞行器的设计与制造中, 结构轻量化和体积小型化也是发展的方向。由于飞
成本效益和节能降耗是需要考虑的主要目标,同时 行器自身动力装置及外界环境因素的影响,这一发
收稿日期: 2023-10-15; 修订日期: 2024-01-16
基金项目: 先进声学测试与降噪技术联合创新发展中心资助项目(XJSX-2022-02)

