Page 121 - 《水产学报》2026年第04期
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4 期                                     水    产    学    报                                 50 卷


                      30                                                                   P=1.000
                                                                      30                       P=0.657
                                    P=0.003 6                         20    P=0.285     P=0.789
                                       **
                   鱼类物种数/种  the no. of fish species  20            鱼类物种数/种  the no. of fish species  10  *




                      10
                                                                       0
                                                                                        3
                                                                           1
                                                                                 2
                                                                                    不同水层      4     5
                                                                                different water layers
                       0          1          2                     图 3    不同水层样本鉴定得到的物种数分布
                                    采样区域                       1. 黄河口海域表层水样;2. 黄河口海域底层水样;3. 长江口海域
                                   sampling area               表层水样;4. 长江口海域中层水样;5. 长江口海域底层水样。
                  图 2    黄河口和长江口邻近海域每样本鉴定的                      Fig. 3 Distribution of the number of species identified
                                物种数分布                                 from samples of different water layers
              1. 黄河口邻近海域;2. 长江口邻近海域;** P < 0.01。               1. surface water samples from the Yellow River Estuary area; 2. bottom
               Fig. 2 The distribution of the number of species identi-  water  samples  from  the  Yellow  River  Estuary  area;  3.  surface  water
                fied per sample in the adjacent sea areas of the Yellow  samples from the Yangtze River Estuary area; 4. middle water samples
                                                               from the Yangtze River Estuary area; 5. bottom water samples from the
                   River Estuary and the Yangtze River Estuary
                                                               Yangtze River Estuary area.
              1. the adjacent sea area of the Yellow River Estuary; 2. the adjacent sea
              area of the Yangtze River Estuary; ** P < 0.01.
                                                               果显示,基于所有水层            (括号外) 和可比子集        (括
              大部分站位丰度极低甚至完全未被检出                  (图  4)。       号 内 ), 长 江 口 邻 近 海 域 采 样 站 位 多 样 性 指 数
                                                               (Chao1、Shannon、Simpson  和  Pielou 指数) 均高于
               2.4    物种多样性比较
                                                               黄河口   (表  2,图  5)。同时,黄河口各指数的标准
                   为提供完整数据背景,同时分析了长江口各                         差较大,表明其不同站位间的多样性波动更剧烈,
              站位基于所有水层与可比子集的多样性指数,结                            群落空间异质性更高。

                      100                                         100
                                            物种 species                                  物种 species
                                              竹䇲鱼   T. japonicus   75                     凤鲚 C. mystus
                       75
                                                                                              T. japonicus
                                              赤鼻棱鳀 T. kammalensis
                                                                                          竹䇲鱼
                                              高眼鲽 C. herzensteini
                                                                                          龙头鱼 H. nehereus
                     相对丰度/%  relative abundance  50  蓝点马鲛 S. niphonius   相对丰度/%  relative abundance  50  鳀 E. japonicus
                                              黄鳍刺虾虎鱼 A. flavimanus
                                                                                          青鳞小沙丁鱼 S. zunasi
                                                                                          沙带鱼 L. savala
                                              平轴属 Sebastes spp.
                                                                                          吉氏绵鳚 Z. gillii
                                              矛尾虾虎鱼 C. stigmatias
                                              半滑舌鳎 C. semilaevis
                                                                                          细纹狮子鱼 L. tanakae
                                              黄鮟鱇 L. litulon
                       25
                                                                                          小黄鱼 L. polyactis
                                              鮟 L. haematocheila   25                     斑鰶 K. punctatus
                                                                                          其他 others
                                              其他 others
                        0                                          0
                          1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10                       11121314151617181920
                            黄河口采样站位                                     长江口采样站位
                    sampling station of Yellow River Estuary   sampling station of Yangtze River Estuary
                                 (a)                                         (b)
                     图 4    黄河口  (a) 与长江口  (b) 邻近海域鱼类    eDNA  相对丰度前    10  物种组成及其在各个站位的丰度
              1. 黄河口海域站位合并后物种丰富度;2~10. 黄河口海域         HHE01~HHE09  各个站位物种丰富度;11. 长江口海域站位合并后物种丰富度;
              12~20.长江口海域  YZE01~YZE09  各个站位物种丰富度。
               Fig. 4 Composition of the top 10 fish species based on eDNA relative abundance and their abundances at each station
                            in the adjacent waters of the Yellow River Estuary (a) and Yangtze River Estuary (b)
              1. pooled species abundance of all stations in the Yellow River Estuary; 2-10. species abundance at individual stations HHE01 to HHE09 in the Yellow
              River Estuary area; 11. pooled species abundance of all stations in the Yangtze River Estuary; 12-20. species abundance at individual stations YZE01 to
              YZE09 in the Yangtze River Estuary area.
              https://www.china-fishery.cn                           中国水产学会主办    sponsored by China Society of Fisheries
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