Page 155 - 《水产学报》2026年第3期

3 期 陈林辉，等：高脂饲料中添加丙酸钠对大口黑鲈幼鱼生长、肝脏健康及肠道菌群的影响 50 卷

Effects of sodium propionate supplementation on growth,
liver health, and intestinal flora of juvenile largemouth bass
(Micropterus salmoides) in a high-fat diet

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CHEN Linhui , TANG Yanjie , YAN Ying , CHEN Xuan , FENG Dexiang , LI Ming 1*
(1. School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
2. School of Fisheries, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang 464000, China)
Abstract: Fat is a necessary nutrient for the growth of fish, but diet with a high fat level can lead to decreased growth perform-
ance, metabolic disorders, and fat accumulation. Propionic acid is one of the most abundant short-chain fatty acids in the intest-
ine and has the potential to promote growth, enhance immunity, and regulate lipid metabolism. Sodium propionate, as its diet
additive form, has received little research on its role in mitigating the negative effects of high-fat diets on fish health. To invest-
igate the effects of sodium propionate on the growth, liver healthy and intestinal flora of largemouth bass (Micropterus sal-
moides) in a high-fat diet, a total of 270 juvenile M. salmoides with an initial body weight of (2.69±0.04) g were selected and
randomly divided into 3 groups, with 3 replicates in each group. They were respectively fed with 3 types of isonitrogenous
diets: control diet (CON group, 10% fat), high-fat diet (HFD group, 18% fat), and high-fat diet supplemented with sodium pro-
pionate (HFD+NaSP group, 18% fat+5 g/kg sodium propionate) for 56 days. The results showed that compared with the HFD
group, the HFD+NaSP group exhibited significantly increased weight gain rate and specific growth rate. Serum triglyceride,
total cholesterol content, as well as the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly
reduced in the HFD+NaSP group compared to the HFD group. The HFD+NaSP group demonstrated significantly elevated total
antioxidant capacity, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities, while malondialdehyde content was significantly reduced
compared to the HFD group. Compared with the HFD group, the activities of intestinal lipase, amylase and pepsin in the
HFD+NaSP group were significantly increased, the HFD+NaSP group showed significant upregulation of pparα and cpt1
expression in the liver, along with significant downregulation of srebp1, fas, acc tnf-α, il-1β, il-8 caspase3, caspase9, and bax
expression. Regarding intestinal flora, the HFD+NaSP group displayed significantly higher Shannon and Simpson indices com-
pared to the HFD group, while Ace and Chao indices showed no significant differences, the HFD+NaSP group significantly
reduced the relative abundance of Mycoplasma while increasing Leifsonia abundance. In conclusion, dietary NaSP supplement-
ation ameliorated the adverse effects of high-fat diet on the growth performance, liver health, and intestinal flora of M. sal-
moides. To provide theoretical references for promoting the application practice of sodium propionate in high-fat feed for fish.
Key words: Micropterus salmoides; high-fat; sodium propionate; growth; intestinal flora
Corresponding authors: FENG Dexiang. E-mail: dxfeng@xyafu.edu.cn;
LI Ming. E-mail: liming1@nbu.edu.cn
Funding projects: National Natural Science Foundation of China (32473130); Open Fund of Guangxi Key Laboratory of
Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture (23-026-1); Special Fund for the Construction of Modern Agricul-
tural Industry Technology System in Henan Province (HARS-22-16-G3)

中国水产学会主办 sponsored by China Society of Fisheries https://www.china-fishery.cn
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