Page 79 - 《水产学报》2025年第6期
P. 79
张潭,等 水产学报, 2025, 49(6): 069106
降温至 18 ℃ 时恢复正常,此结果与鲤 [52] (Cyp- List is officially announced[J]. China Fisheries, 2021(3): 22-35
rinus carpio) 的高温训化研究结果有差异,这可 (in Chinese).
能与实验对象或条件不同有关。TP、ALB 及 [ 4 ] Hogan Z, Jensen O. Hucho Taimen. The IUCN red list of
GLB 含量先下降后恢复,再下降再恢复的趋势 threatened species 2013: e. T188631A22605180[EB/OL]. (2012-
表明肝脏合成能力受高温胁迫的影响较小,且 05-23) [2024-02-26]. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/188
可以稳定恢复;升温至 26 ℃ 时 ALB/GLB 值较 631/22605180.
高,可能由于 ALB 含量升高以维持血管内渗透 [ 5 ] 王常安. 人工养殖条件下哲罗鱼 (Hucho taimen) 投喂模式的
研究 [D]. 哈尔滨: 东北林业大学, 2015.
压或 GLB 中的免疫球蛋白水平降低引起的。
Wang C A. Feeding strategy of Hucho taimen under farming
综合分析以上血清生化指标及肝脏组织病
conditions[D]. Harbin: Northeast Forestry University, 2015 (in
理学结果得出,升温过程中,肝脏细胞层面的
Chinese).
损伤逐渐加重,肝脏代谢能力增强,合成能力
[ 6 ] Roberts R J, Ellis A E. The anatomy and physiology of
减弱;持续高温胁迫条件下,肝脏组织层面的
teleosts[M]//Roberts R J. Fish pathology. Oxford: Wiley-Black-
损伤逐渐加重,肝脏代谢能力降低后趋于稳定,
well, 2012: 17-61.
且高于正常水平,合成能力逐步恢复;降温至
[ 7 ] Roberts R J, Rodger H D. The pathophysiology and systematic
18 ℃ 时,肝脏的脂肪代谢速率加快,合成和贮
pathology of teleosts[M]//Roberts R J. Fish pathology. Oxford:
存能力恢复正常。 Wiley-Blackwell, 2012: 62-143.
[ 8 ] Jia Y D, Chen X T, Wang Z Y, et al. Physiological response of
4 结论
juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus Maximus L.) during hyper-
本研究发现哲罗鲑的呼吸频率随温度升高 thermal stress[J]. Aquaculture, 2020, 529: 735645.
[ 9 ] Michaelsen J, Fago A, Bundgaard A. High temperature impairs
而加快,且高温胁迫会使哲罗鲑的呼吸频率持
mitochondrial function in rainbow trout cardiac
续高于正常值,表明哲罗鲑在高温胁迫下的需
mitochondria[J]. Journal of Experimental Biology, 2021,
氧量和代谢水平提高。高温胁迫造成哲罗鲑的
224(9): jeb242382.
鳃和肝脏组织出现不同类型和不同程度的病变,
[10] Miest J J, Politis S N, Adamek M, et al. Molecular ontogeny of
当温度恢复至正常后,鳃组织得到全面恢复,
larval immunity in European eel at increasing temperatures[J].
而肝脏组织虽有所恢复,但仍处于较重的病理
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2019, 87: 105-119.
状态。高温胁迫对肝脏代谢、合成和贮存能力
[11] Huang T Q, Gu W, Liu E H, et al. miR-301b-5p and its target
均有影响,且对代谢能力影响较大。呼吸频率、 gene nfatc2ip regulate inflammatory responses in the liver of
病理和生化指标的综合分析表明哲罗鲑对高温 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under high temperature
胁迫具有一定的适应能力。相关研究结果可为 stress[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2022, 242:
哲罗鲑的高效养殖和耐高温新品种选育提供理 113915.
论基础。 [12] Rebl A, Korytář T, Borchel A, et al. The synergistic interaction
of thermal stress coupled with overstocking strongly modulates
参考文献 (References): the transcriptomic activity and immune capacity of rainbow
[ 1 ] 王清印, 余来宁, 杨宁生. 中国水产生物种质资源与利用: 第 trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)[J]. Scientific Reports, 2020, 10(1):
1 卷 [M]. 北京: 海洋出版社, 2005: 64-70. 14913.
Wang Q Y, Yu L N, Yang N S. Aquatic biological germplasm [13] Šimková A, Vojtek L, Halačka K, et al. The effect of hybridiza-
resources and utilization in China: volume 1[M]. Beijing: China tion on fish physiology, immunity and blood biochemistry: a
Ocean Press, 2005: 64-70 (in Chinese). case study in hybridizing Cyprinus carpio and Carassius
[ 2 ] Holčík J, Hensel K, Nieslanik J, et al. The Eurasian huchen, gibelio (Cyprinidae)[J]. Aquaculture, 2015, 435: 381-389.
Hucho hucho: largest salmon of the world[M]. Dordrecht: [14] Evans D H, Piermarini P M, Choe K P. The multifunctional fish
Springer, 1988. gill: dominant site of gas exchange, osmoregulation, acid-base
[ 3 ] 中国水产. 调整后的《国家重点保护野生动物名录》正式公 regulation, and excretion of nitrogenous waste[J]. Physiolo-
布 [J]. 中国水产, 2021(3): 22-35. gical Reviews, 2005, 85(1): 97-177.
China Fisheries. The adjusted National Key Protected Wildlife [15] Chen Y Y, Wu X Y, Lai J S, et al. Integrated biochemical, tran-
中国水产学会主办 sponsored by China Society of Fisheries https://www.china-fishery.cn
11