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梁肖,等                                                                  水产学报, 2025, 49(6): 069605

              动子上的特定顺式调控元件,激活                    sox9b  的转          malian sex determination[J]. Development, 2010, 137(23): 3921-
              录 。类似的,实验先前研究发现中华鳖和红                                  3930.
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              耳龟   sox9  表达晚于    dmrt1,更重要的是,分别               [  5  ]   Bagheri-Fam S, Combes A N, Ling C K, et al. Heterozygous
              敲低这两个物种的           dmrt1  后,均会导致      sox9  的         deletion  of  Sox9  in  mouse  mimics  the  gonadal  sex  reversal
              迅速下调,而分别异位过表达                 dmrt1  后,sox9           phenotype associated with campomelic dysplasia in humans[J].
              又均被诱导随即上调表达              [17-18] ,提示在龟鳖动              Human Molecular Genetics, 2021, 29(23): 3781-3792.
              物中,sox9     受  dmrt1  正向调节,位于        dmrt1  的   [  6  ]   Lavery R, Lardenois A, Ranc-Jianmotamedi F, et al. XY Sox9
              下游。以上研究表明,sox9             在不同进化地位脊                   embryonic loss-of-function mouse mutants show complete sex
              椎动物雄性发育通路中的具体调控位置存在差                                  reversal and produce partially fertile XY oocytes[J]. Develop-
              异。与哺乳类不同,非哺乳类动物                   sox9  基因在           mental Biology, 2011, 354(1): 111-122.
              早期睾丸分化中发挥着重要的调控作用,而在                            [  7  ]   Smith C A, Katz M, Sinclair A H. DMRT1 is upregulated in the
              性别决定中的作用可能有限。                                         gonads  during  female-to-male  sex  reversal  in  ZW  chicken
                   综上,本实验利用           RNA  干扰和过表达技                  embryos[J]. Biology of Reproduction, 2003, 68(2): 560-570.
              术对中华鳖       sox9  进行了功能缺失和获得研究,
                                                              [  8  ]   Western  P  S,  Harry  J  L,  Graves  J  A  M,  et  al.  Temperature-
              明确了    sox9  在早期睾丸形成过程中是必需的关
                                                                    dependent  sex  determination  in  the  American  alligator:  AMH
              键因子,参与调控雄性分化过程,这为揭示中
                                                                    precedes SOX9 expression[J]. Developmental Dynamics, 1999,
              华鳖性别决定和性别分化的分子机制提供基础,
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              关于   sox9  在中华鳖雄性分化级联通路中的具体
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              调控位置有待进一步阐释。此外,鉴于雄性中
                                                                    temperature  on  the  expression  of  sex-related  genes  in  the
              华鳖的经济优势以及营养价值,由于敲低                       sox9
                                                                    Chinese  pond  turtle,  Mauremys  reevesii[J].  Sexual  Develop-
              后能够诱导       ZZ  胚胎性腺彻底雌性化,初步形
                                                                    ment, 2017, 11(5-6): 307-319.
              成了一种中华鳖全雄育种策略,即通过抑制
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              sox9  培育  ZZ  伪雌亲本,将       ZZ  伪雌鳖与    ZZ  真
              雄鳖交配,产生          ZZ  全雄子代。这避免了传统                      Mis,  and  Dmrt1  in  the  gonad  of  a  species  with  temperature-
              方法上利用性激素等诱导剂带来的性逆转率无                                  dependent  sex  determination[J].  Developmental  Dynamics,
              法达到    100%、性逆转个体畸形率高以及药物残                            2007, 236(4): 1055-1063.
              留等问题的出现。当然,以               sox9  基因为分子靶         [11]   张海艳, 孙伟, 周英杰, 等. Sox9  在温度依赖型性别决定中的功
              标制备的伪雌中华鳖是否具有正常的交配及繁                                  能初探  [J]. 生物化学与生物物理进展, 2018, 45(6): 653-662.
              殖能力,是实现上述全雄育种策略的关键,这                                  Zhang H Y, Sun W, Zhou Y J, et al. The preliminary functional
              也是将来的观察重点。                                            analysis of Sox9 in a temperature-dependent sex determination
                                                                    system[J].  Progress  In  Biochemistry  and  Biophysics,  2018,
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              https://www.china-fishery.cn                           中国水产学会主办    sponsored by China Society of Fisheries
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