Page 110 - 《摩擦学学报》2021年第4期

第 41 卷 第 4 期 摩 擦 学 学 报 Vol 41 No 4
2021 年 7 月 Tribology Jul, 2021

DOI: 10.16078/j.tribology.2020154

不均匀组织ER8车轮滚动接触疲劳性能研究

1,2*
1
张关震 , 任瑞铭 , 吴 斯 , 丛 韬 , 张 斌 , 李 翔 , 宫彦华 , 邹 强 3
2
1*
1
3
1
(1. 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司 金属及化学研究所，北京 100081;
2. 大连交通大学 材料科学与工程学院，辽宁 大连 116028;
3. 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司技术中心，安徽 马鞍山 243000)
摘 要: 针对含不均匀组织ER8车轮服役过程中过早出现滚动接触疲劳(RCF)损伤这一实际问题，通过RCF试验，获
得了车轮不均匀组织和正常组织的RCF极限；利用光学显微镜(OM)和透射电镜(TEM)重点表征了RCF裂纹萌生处
的微观组织. 借助扫描电镜(SEM)和原位拉伸试验台测试了两种组织的弹、塑性能并原位观察了裂纹的扩展行为.
结果表明：车轮踏面不均匀组织的RCF极限低于轮辋正常组织，不均匀组织中除车轮正常组织应有的珠光体和先共
析铁素体组织外，还存在大量的上贝氏体，上贝氏体的存在破坏了车轮正常组织的连续均匀性. RCF裂纹的萌生和
扩展主要发生在上贝和正常组织的边界处，上贝氏体的硬度、弹性高于正常组织，但塑性小于正常组织，在相同接
触应力作用下，两者弹-塑性变形的不协调是导致其组织边界处产生应力集中，进而诱发并促进疲劳裂纹的萌生和
扩展，加速车轮RCF损伤出现的主要原因.
关键词: ER8车轮钢; 滚动接触疲劳(RCF); 不均匀组织; 上贝组织; 正常组织(珠光体+铁素体)
中图分类号: TG142.21 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1004-0595(2021)04–0553–11

Rolling Contact Fatigue Performance of ER8 Wheel Steel with

Non-Uniform Microstructure

1,2* 2 1 1 1*
ZHANG Guanzen , REN Ruiming , WU Si , CONG Tao , ZHANG Bin ,
1
3
LI Xiang , GONG Yanhua , ZOU Qiang 3
(1. Metals and Chemistry Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation
Limited, Beijing 100081, China
2. School of Material Science and Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Liaoning Dalian 116028, China
3. Technology Center of Ma’anshan Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Anhui Ma’anshan 243000, China)
Abstract: To resolve the problem of premature rolling contact fatigue (RCF) damage to wheels with non-uniform
microstructure arising in their service, RCF test was conducted to investigate the influence of the wheel tread non-
uniform microstructure on the RCF of wheels. The tensile properties of uniform and non-uniform microstructure were
tested using in-situ tensile test bench, and the crack growth behavior was observed by scanning electron microscope.
Microstructural change at RCF damaged area of specimen with non-uniform microstructure was observed by optical
microscope and transmission electron microscope. The result showed that the RCF limit of non-uniform microstructure
was lower than that of matrix. In addition to the normal pearlite + proeutectoid ferrite (matrix), there were a large amunt

Received 18 July 2020, revised 9 November 2020, accepted 10 November 2020, available online 28 July 2021.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: zhangguanzhen0201@163.com, Tel: +86-18612228254; E-mail: railzb@vip.163.com, Tel: +86-
13801152004.
The project was supported by the development project of China railway (J2018J004), China Academy of Railway Sciences
Corporation Limited within the major issues of the fund (2019YJ093).
中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(J2018J004)，中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研开发基金项目
(2019YJ093)资助.