Page 52 - 《摩擦学学报》2020年第6期

第 40 卷 第 6 期 摩 擦 学 学 报 Vol 40 No 6
2020 年 11 月 Tribology Nov, 2020

DOI: 10.16078/j.tribology.2020007

偏心迷宫密封动静特性研究

1,2*
1
1
1
3
秦鹏博 , 张万福 , 曹 浩 , 尹 露 , 王应飞 , 李 春 1,2
(1. 上海理工大学，能源与动力工程学院，上海 200093;
2. 上海市动力工程多相流动与传热重点实验室，上海 200093;
3. 国网湖南省电力有限公司 电力科学研究院，湖南 长沙 410007)
摘 要: 建立了不同偏心状态下迷宫密封三维数值分析模型，应用基于微元理论的密封动力特性系数识别方法计算
密封静态和动态特性. 结果表明：转子偏心会降低密封抑制流体泄漏的效果；密封腔内周向压力高点随偏心率增大
逐渐偏离最小间隙处. 低偏心率(≤ 0.5)下，静态直接刚度K与静态交叉刚度k变化较小，高偏心率(> 0.5)下K和k的绝
对值减小. 随着偏心率的增大，密封小间隙侧流动黏性效应增强是产生负静态直接刚度的主要原因. 密封偏心涡动
时，低偏心率(< 0.6)下刚度和阻尼系数变化较小，随偏心率和涡动频率的升高直接刚度逐渐变为负值；随偏心率的
增大，交叉刚度在正交两个方向上大小不再相等，有效阻尼降低，高偏心率(≥ 0.6)下有效阻尼受偏心率影响更显著.
关键词: 迷宫密封; 计算流体力学; 静态刚度系数; 动力特性; 稳定性
中图分类号: TK263 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1004-0595(2020)06–0735–11

Static and Dynamic Characteristics of Eccentric Labyrinth Seals

1 1,2* 3 1 1 1,2
QIN Pengbo , ZHANG Wanfu , CAO Hao , YIN Lu , WANG Yingfei , LI Chun

(1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for
Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering, Shanghai 200093, China
3. State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company Limited Research Institute, Hunan Changsha 410007, China)
Abstract: The three-dimensional numerical analysis model of labyrinth seals with different eccentricities was
established. The identification method based on infinitesimal theory was applied to calculate the static and dynamic
characteristics of the seal. The results showed that the eccentricity of the rotor reduced the leakage performance. The
high point of the circumferential pressure in the seal cavity deviated from the minimum clearance with the increasing
eccentricity. At low eccentricity (≤ 0.5), the static direct stiffness K and static cross-coupled stiffness k showed little
variation, while the K and the absolute values of k decreased at high eccentricity (> 0.5). With the increase of
eccentricity, the increase of flow viscosity effect on the minimum clearance was the main reason for the negative static
direct stiffness. When the rotor whirled with an eccentricity, the stiffness coefficient and the damping coefficient showed
little variation at low eccentricity(< 0.6), and the direct stiffness gradually developed to be negative with the increasing
eccentricity and whirling frequency. With the increasing eccentricity, the cross-coupled stiffness was no longer equal in
the orthogonal directions. The effective damping at high eccentricity (≥ 0.6) was more significantly affected by
eccentricity.
Key words: labyrinth seal; computational fluid dynamics (CFD); static stiffness coefficient; dynamic characteristic;
stability

Received 6 January 2020, revised 11 April 2020, accepted 26 May 2020, available online 28 November 2020.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: wfzhang@usst.edu.cn, Tel: +86-18817882508.
The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51875361).
国家自然科学基金项目(51875361)资助.