Page 48 - 《爆炸与冲击》2023年第2期

第 43 卷 第 2 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 43, No. 2
2023 年 2 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Feb., 2023

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2022-0189

冲击荷载作用下滤波混凝土的

动态响应与层裂损伤数值研究 *

李国强，马 钢，高松涛，郭栋才，张佳寅

（太原理工大学土木工程学院，山西 太原 030024）

摘要： 借鉴局域共振材料的工作机制，通过在混凝土基体中嵌入滤波单元，设计出具有应力波衰减特性的滤波混
凝土。通过将滤波混凝土结构简化为质量弹簧力学系统来分析滤波混凝土对应力波的衰减机制。采用数值模拟方
法，对比研究了冲击荷载作用下普通混凝土模型和滤波混凝土模型中应力波的传播特性和层裂破坏模式。通过参数
分析，研究了滤波单元的材料和几何属性对其储能效果的影响。研究结果表明：滤波单元有效降低了混凝土基体中应
力波的传播速度和应力峰值；滤波单元的储能机制有效降低了混凝土基体中的能量；金属球的质量越大，滤波单元的
储能效果越好，但弹性层的弹性模量和厚度需要通过适当分析进行设计以实现滤波单元的储能最大化；滤波混凝土基
体的局部损伤耗散了荷载中的大量能量，有效降低了结构自由面附近的破坏程度。
关键词： 滤波混凝土；局域共振；层裂破坏；应力波；储能机制
中图分类号： O382 国标学科代码： 13035 文献标志码： A

Numerical study on dynamic response and spall damage
of filter concrete under impact load

LI Guoqiang, MA Gang, GAO Songtao, GUO Dongcai, ZHANG Jiayin
(College of Civil Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China)

Abstract: Based on the working mechanism of local resonance materials, a filter concrete with stress wave attenuation
characteristics is designed by embedding metal balls wrapped with elastic layer (filter units) in the concrete matrix. First, the
stress wave attenuation mechanism of filter concrete is analyzed by simplifying the filter concrete structure into a mass-spring
mechanical system. Then, the propagation velocity and peak stress of stress wave in normal concrete model and filter concrete
model under impact load are compared by using numerical simulation approach. Through parameter analysis, the influence of
the density of metal ball, elastic modulus and thickness of elastic layer on the energy storage of filter units are studied. Finally,
the spalling damage patterns of normal concrete model and filter concrete model under impact load are compared. The results
show that the filter units can effectively reduce the stress wave propagation velocity and magnitude of peak stress in the
concrete matrix. The vibration of the metal balls and the deformation of the elastic layer form a good energy storage
mechanism for filter units and effectively reduce the energy exerted by the impact load on the concrete matrix. The larger the
mass of the metal balls, the better the energy storage effect of the filter units, while the elastic modulus and thickness of the
elastic layer need to be designed through a proper analysis to maximize the energy storage of the filter units. The concrete
matrix around the elastic layer has obvious stress concentration and local damage may occur, but the local damage of the filter

* 收稿日期： 2022-05-05；修回日期： 2022-08-14
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金（52178239，12102292）；山西省自然科学基金（20210302124083）
第一作者： 李国强（1997－ ），男，硕士研究生，707264680@qq.com
通信作者： 马 钢（1988－ ），男，博士，副教授，magang@tyut.edu.cn

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