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Chinese Journal of Medical Instrumentation                                         2025年 第49卷 第6期

                                                     设   计   与   制   造

              文章编号:1671-7104(2025)06-0668-06

                 基于磁导航技术的粘小管手术穿管操作系统设计与实现




                                      1
             【作     者】 杜庚汶 ,杨洋 ,张莉         2
                                1
                          1 北京航空航天大学 机械工程及自动化学院,北京市,100191
                          2 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院,北京市眼科研究所,北京市眼科学与视觉科学重点实验室,北京市,
                            100005
             【摘     要】 粘小管手术是治疗青光眼的一种新型有效的方法。该手术需要将一根带有导光纤维的柔性微导管插入粘小
                          管内并穿行,但由于在插入过程中导管的方向难以操控,手术成功率取决于外科医生的操作经验和熟练程
                          度。该文提出一种基于电磁铁的磁导航系统,以引导导管穿行方向,辅助医生顺利地进行导管插入操作。
                          该文首先基于手术操作要求设计了系统的布局,通过优化算法计算电磁铁电流,实现磁场的控制,并通过
                          仿真验证了导航过程磁场变化均在求解可行域内,即系统的解空间能够满足磁体沿目标路径导航的要求。最后,
                          该文通过实验进一步验证了系统性能,实验表明,该系统可以实现导管的位置控制,引导磁体沿预设路径运动。
             【关   键   词】 磁导航;电磁铁;磁场;粘小管手术;眼科手术
             【中图分类号】 TH772; R197.39
             【文献标志码】 A                                                         doi: 10.12455/j.issn.1671-7104.250159
                      Design and Implementation of Catheter Insertion System for
                         Canaloplasty Based on Magnetic Navigation Technology

                                                1
                                     1
             【   Authors  】 DU Gengwen , YANG Yang , ZHANG Li 2
                          1 School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191
                          2 Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Keynote
                            Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Beijing, 100005
             【  Abstract  】 Canaloplasty  is  a  new  and  effective  method  for  the  treatment  of  glaucoma.  During  the  procedure,  a
                          flexible microcatheter equipped with an optical fiber must be inserted and navigated within the Schlemm's
                          canal.  However,  due  to  the  difficulty  in  controlling  the  direction  of  the  catheter  during  insertion,  the
                          success  rate  of  the  surgery  depends  on  the  experience  and  proficiency  of  the  surgeon.  This  paper
                          proposed a magnetic navigation system based on electromagnets to guide the direction of the catheter
                          and assist the surgeon in smoothly performing the catheter insertion operation. The layout of the system
                          was  designed  based  on  the  requirements  of  the  operation,  and  the  current  of  the  electromagnet  was
                          calculated  by  the  optimization  algorithm  to  achieve  the  control  of  the  magnetic  field.  Simulations
                          confirmed that the magnetic field variations during the navigation process were within the feasible solution
                          domain,  indicating  that  the  system's  solution  space  could  meet  the  requirements  for  navigating  the
                          magnet along the target path. Finally, experiments were conducted for further validation, demonstrating
                          that  the  system  could  achieve  positional  control  of  the  catheter,  guiding  the  magnet  along  a
                          predetermined path.
             【Key words】 magnetic navigation, electromagnet, magnetic field, canaloplasty, ophthalmologic surgery


               0    引言                                          有视力损伤或盲症,其中约6 400万人患有青光眼 。
                                                                                                            [1]
                                                                青光眼常见的发病机制是各种原因的损伤或疾病使
                  青光眼是造成人类失明的三大盲眼病之一,根
                                                                眼球中房水的循环受到阻塞,从而导致眼压升高,
              据世界卫生组织2019年发布的报告,全球约22亿人
                                                                视神经受到损伤,外围视力开始丧失,并可能逐渐
              收稿日期:2025-03-12                                   发展为重度视力损伤甚至失明。粘小管手术是治疗
              基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51875011)                           青光眼的一种新型有效方法 。
                                                                                         [2]
              作者简介:杜庚汶,E-mail: dugw_buaa@buaa.edu.cn
              通信作者:杨洋,E-mail: yang_mech@buaa.edu.cn                 粘小管(Schlemm管)是眼内围绕前房角一周

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