Page 78 - 《中国电力》2026年第3期

第 59 卷 第 3 期 Vol. 59, No. 3
2026 年 3 月 ELECTRIC POWER Mar. 2026

引用格式：崔长江, 李煜鹏, 邓雯丽, 等. 英国政府驱动的新能源差价合约设计及对中国的启示[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(3): 74−83.
Citation: CUI Changjiang, LI Yupeng, DENG Wenli, et al. The design of government-driven renewable energy contracts for difference in the UK
electricity market and their implications for China[J]. Electric Power, 2026, 59(3): 74−83.

英国政府驱动的新能源差价合约设计及对中国的启示

崔长江 ，李煜鹏 ，邓雯丽 ，李世民 ，秦丽娟 ，荆朝霞 2
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(1. 广西电力交易中心有限责任公司，广西 南宁 530013；2. 华南理工大学 电力学院，广东 广州 510641)
The design of government-driven renewable energy contracts for difference in
the UK electricity market and their implications for China

1
CUI Changjiang , LI Yupeng , DENG Wenli , LI Shimin , QIN Lijuan , JING Zhaoxia 2
2
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(1. Guangxi Power Exchange Center Co. Ltd., Nanning 530013, China; 2. School of Electric Power Engineering,
South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China)

Abstract: With the simultaneous advancement of new power Sciences (No.25JD710009).
systems and electricity spot markets, a critical challenge lies in Keywords: electricity market; renewable energy; contract for
ensuring the secure and orderly integration of new energy into difference; government-driven contract; mechanism design
the electricity market while establishing mechanisms that
摘 要：随着新型电力系统与电力现货市场建设同步推
underpin its sustainable development. The UK's experience
进，稳妥有序推动新能源参与电力市场，同时设计支持
with contracts for difference (CfD) offers valuable insights in
其可持续发展的机制是需要重点研究的问题。英国差价
this context. This paper elucidates the key participants, primary
合约的实践经验具有重要的借鉴意义。对英国差价合约
processes, and fundamental concepts of the UK's CfD
的参与方、主要流程及概念进行阐述，对机组分类、行
mechanism. Methodologies related to unit classification,
政执行价计算、合约分配、参考价计算等方法进行总结
administrative strike price calculation, contract allocation, and
和分析，提出适合中国新能源发展的政府授权差价合约
reference price determination are systematically summarized
设计建议，包括：根据政策目的分为衔接新能源保障性
and analyzed. Building on this analysis, a government-driven
政策的衔接型合约以及用于解决新能源相关外部性问题
CfD framework tailored to China's new energy development is
的主动型合约两类；合约目标需要关注市场力控制和结
proposed. Key recommendations emphasize the categorization
算试运行阶段不同市场模式的衔接；设计参考价时需要
of contracts into two types based on policy objectives, including
考虑中国现货市场的模式及中长期交易的管制现状；合
transitional contracts to align with existing new energy support
约量尽量采用事前确定模式等。
policies and proactive contracts to address new energy
关 键 词 ： 电 力 市 场 ； 新 能 源 ； 差 价 合 约 ； 政 府 授 权 合
externalities. The objectives of contracts should focus on
约；机制设计
market power mitigation and the coordination of diverse market
DOI：10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202409001

modes during the settlement trial phase. Reference price design
is recommended to account for China's spot market structure
0 引言
and regulatory realities in medium and long-term transaction,
while contract volumes are suggested to adopt ex-ante
英国政府于 2013 年开展了一轮电力市场改革 ，
[1]
allocation modes.
其中一项重要且受到较多关注的举措是引进了针
This work is supported by Foundation Project of Ministry of
Education Special Research Project for Humanities and Social 对新能源的差价合约（contract for difference，CfD）
机制，其本质是政府为促进新能源发展而设计的
收稿日期：2024−09−02； 修回日期：2025−12−29。 一种政府授权差价合约，政府（或代理机构）通
基金项目：教育部人文社会科学研究专项基金资助项目 过直接授权或竞争性拍卖的方式与清洁能源发电
（25JD710009）。 企业签订未来几年至十几年的长期合约，以达到

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