Page 70 - 《渔业研究》2026年第3期

第 3 期 郝咏芳： 毛蚶幼贝对温度、盐度的耐受性研究 363

Study on temperature and salinity tolerance of juvenile Scapharca subcrenata

HAO Yongfang
(Marine and Fishery Development Service Center of Yingkou, Yingkou 115000, China)

Abstract: [Background] The temperature and salinity tolerance of juvenile Scapharca subcrenata was evalu-
ated under controlled laboratory conditions. [Methods] Experimental research and data analysis were per-
formed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test, among other approaches. The experiment
used juvenile S. subcrenata as the research subject. Under conditions of dissolved oxygen (DO) ≥5 mg/L and
pH 8.0–8.5, the temperature tolerance experiment was conducted with five low-temperature groups (6, 8, 10, 12,
and 14 ℃), five high-temperature groups (30, 32, 34, 36, and 38 ℃), and one control group maintained at a nor-
mal water temperature of 25 ℃. For the salinity tolerance experiment, 12 salinity levels were set: 9, 12, 15, 18,
21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, and 42, with salinity 27 serving as the control. [Results] 1) In the temperature toler-
ance experiment: low temperatures of 6–10 ℃ imposed significant survival stress on juvenile S. subcrenata (at
the end of the experiment, relative survival rates at 6, 8, and 10 ℃ were 2.00%, 12.00%, and 35.33%, respec-
tively). Survival remained high in the range of 12–30 ℃ (at the end of the experiment, relative survival rates at
12, 14, and 30 ℃ were 54.00%, 70.00%, and 73.33%, respectively). High temperatures of 32–38 ℃ caused
severe damage to juvenile S. subcrenata, with all deaths observed at 9, 6, and 5 days, respectively. Under tem-
perature stress, the median lethal low temperature (LT ) for juvenile S. subcrenata at 48, 96, 144, and 192 h
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were 4.92, 4.70, 7.14, and 9.50 ℃, and the corresponding median lethal high temperature (HT ) were 37.48,
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33.49, 32.66, and 31.71 ℃, respectively. 2) In the salinity tolerance experiment, the median lethal low salinity
(LS ) for juvenile S. subcrenata at 48, 96, 144, and 192 h were 10.00, 13.33, 15.63, and 15.79; the median leth-
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al high salinity (HS ) were 40.83, 37.95, 36.31, and 35.69. The suitable salinity range for juvenile S. subcren-
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ata survival was 16.30–35.26, the preferable range was 17.80–35.04, and the optimal range was 24.00–30.00.
For juvenile S. subcrenata growth, the suitable salinity range was 15.69–36.10, the preferable range was
24.60–30.00, and the optimal range was 24–27. [Conclusion] The results of this study indicate that juvenile S.
subcrenata have higher tolerance to low temperature than to high temperature, making them more suitable for
aquaculture in northern China. They are euryhaline shellfish that can be cultured in both ponds and tidal flats. In
the seedling rearing and aquaculture of juvenile S. subcrenata, marine areas with water temperature of 14–30 ℃
and salinity of 24–30 should be prioritized, where water temperature and salinity are relatively stable without
sudden fluctuations. This study provides data support for the propagation and aquaculture of juvenile S. sub-
crenata in northern China, and effectively promotes the industrial development and resource restoration of na-
tive shellfish.
Key words: Scapharca subcrenata; juveniles; temperature; salinity; tolerance