Page 43 - 《武汉大学学报（信息科学版）》2025年第6期

第 50 卷 第 6 期 武 汉 大 学 学 报（ 信 息 科 学 版 ） Vol.50 No.6
2025 年 6 月 Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University Jun. 2025

引文格式：王坚,于亦龙,柳根，等 . 超高层建筑变形 GNSS 多源融合监测方法及进展[J]. 武汉大学学报（信息科学版）,2025,50
(6):1065-1076.DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20240317
Citation：WANG Jian,YU Yilong,LIU Gen,et al.Method and Progress for GNSS Multi-source Fusion Deformation Monitoring
in Super-Tall Buildings[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2025, 50(6): 1065-1076. DOI: 10.13203/j.
whugis20240317

超高层建筑变形 GNSS多源融合监测方法及进展

王 坚 于亦龙 柳 根 柳 絮 姜玉龙 韩厚增 1
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1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京，102616
2 中建宏达建筑有限公司,北京，100125
摘 要：超高层建筑变形监测是确保建筑长期安全运行的重要保障。针对全球导航卫星系统（global navigation satellite
system，GNSS）多源融合超高层建筑变形监测面临的难题，首先构建了一套感-传-融-用一体化的 GNSS 多源融合变形
监测解决方案，重点分析了超高层变形监测关键参数，梳理了 GNSS 变形监测单差、双差、三差模型的发展历程，总结了
惯性测量单元振动监测、平移-沉降监测及扭转变形监测模型。然后在此基础上，阐述了经典数理统计算法、卡尔曼滤波
及其衍生算法、智能学习算法的多源数据融合监测技术框架，并采用大型多功能振动台阵模拟超高层建筑的监测数据及
超高层变形监测案例进行相关技术验证。结果表明，所提监测体系具有较好的可行性和实用性。最后对未来 GNSS 多
源融合监测技术进行了展望。
关键词：超高层建筑；GNSS；IMU 变形监测；多源融合监测
中图分类号：P237，TP208 文献标识码：A 收稿日期：2024‑12‑17
DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20240317 文章编号：1671‑8860（2025）06‑1065‑12
Method and Progress for GNSS Multi-source Fusion Deformation

Monitoring in Super-Tall Buildings

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WANG Jian YU Yilong LIU Gen LIU Xu JIANG Yulong HAN Houzeng 1
1 School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China
2 China State Construction Hongda Engineering Co. Ltd, Beijing 100125, China
Abstract： Objectives: Deformation monitoring of super-tall buildings is critical for ensuring the long-term
safety and stability. Multi-source fusion deformation monitoring technology based on global navigation
satellite system (GNSS) plays a vital role, but the application of GNSS multi-source sensors for such moni‑
toring lacks a systematic approach. Current challenges include the narrow range of deformation parameters,
incomplete GNSS/multi-source fusion models, weak data coupling capabilities, and low intelligence in
monitoring and early warning systems. Methods: To address these issues, this paper proposes a GNSS
multi-source fusion deformation monitoring method based on a perception-transmission-fusion-application
framework. Key deformation parameters for super-tall buildings, including translation, settlement, vibra‑
tion, torsion, deflection, and tilt, are identified. The development of GNSS deformation monitoring
models is also reviewed. Furthermore, it improves inertial measurement unit (IMU) -based vibration,
translation-settlement, and torsional deformation, and enables comprehensive monitoring of multiple defor‑
mation parameters. Results: The proposed method is validated using data from a large-scale shaking
table simulation and a case study of super-tall buildings. The results confirm the effectiveness of
IMU-based accelerometer integration model, Mahony complementary filter-based torsion monitoring
model, and the applications of IMU for vibration monitoring in super-tall buildings. Conclusions: This pa‑

基金项目：国家自然科学基金（42274029）；北京市教育委员会科学研究计划（KM202410016007）。
第一作者：王坚，教授，主要从事 GNSS 位置服务及建筑变形监测研究。wangjian@bucea.edu.cn
通信作者：柳根，副教授。liugen@bucea.edu.cn