Page 151 - 《水产学报》2025年第12期

俞韩绣，等 水产学报, 2025, 49(12): 129611

Effects of stocking density on growth, hepatopancreatic antioxidant,
immune performance, related gene expression, and
intestinal health of Penaeus monodon

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YU Hanxiu , TANG Hainan , XU Jinzhen , LI Jinxin , LIU Zhiwu ,
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HUANG Yongchun , CAI Zhangyin 3
1. Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China;
2. Chengdu Tongwei Sanxin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chengdu 611530, China;
3. Longhai Shunyuan Aquatic Technology Co., Ltd., Zhangzhou 363102, China
Abstract: The study was carried out to investigate the optimal stocking density of Penaeus monodon. Healthy shrimps [initial
body weight (2.55±0.19) g, body length (6.71±0.20) cm] were randomly distributed into six different stocking densities (225,
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300, 375, 450, 525, and 600 ind/m ), labeled as D225, D300, D375, D450, D525, and D600, respectively. Culturing for 42 days.
The results showed that the survival rate (SR) gradually decreased with increasing stocking density. Furthermore, the weight
gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and condition factor (CF) were increased first and then decreased, while the feed
conversion ratio (FCR) was conversely. Antioxidant and immune properties of hepatopancreatic indicated that D375 showed
the best antioxidant and immune performance, whose activities of SOD, AKP, and ACP were significantly higher than that of
the other groups (P<0.05), and the MDA content and expression of Prx, p53, MyD88, and LZM were significantly lower than
that of the other groups (P<0.05). Regarding intestinal health, the Alpha diversity index of intestinal microbiota showed a trend
to increase first and then decrease with the increasing stocking density. The Alpha diversity of D225 and D600 was signific-
antly lower than that of the other groups (P<0.05). As for species distribution of intestinal microbiota, D450 showed the highest
relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Firmicutes and Ligilactobacillus) and the lowest one of harmful bacteria (e.g.,
Proteobacteria). By observing the intestinal structure and morphology, it was found that the intestinal structure of D375 and
D450 was more complete, the villi arranged densely and neatly, and the villi height was higher than that of the other groups. In
contrast, the other groups exhibited partial epithelial cell sloughing and villus loss. In summary, the study indicates that excess-
ively high or low stocking density was not conducive to shrimp growth and physiological function regulation. The stocking
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density of 375-450 ind/m promoted growth, improved hepatopancreas antioxidant capacity and non-specific immunity and
optimized the intestinal microbial community structure of the shrimp. This study provided an experimental basis for the
optimum culturing density of P. monodon, which could help to improve the culture efficiency and promote the development of
sustainable and healthy shrimp aquaculture.
Key words: Penaeus monodon; stocking density; antioxidant; immunity; intestinal health
Corresponding author: HUANG Yongchun. E-mail: ychuang@jmu.edu.cn
Funding projects: Fujian Provincial University-industry Cooperation Project (2023N5007); Fujian Provincial Science and
Technology Specialist Post-supplement Project (2021S2001); Fujian Provincial Special Fund Project for High-quality Develop-
ment of Marine Services and Fisheries (FJHY-YYKJ-2022-3-3)

中国水产学会主办 sponsored by China Society of Fisheries https://www.china-fishery.cn
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