Page 160 - 《水产学报》2025年第7期

沐希成，等 水产学报, 2025, 49(7): 079512

Preliminary study on acoustic barrier efficacy against Schizothorax prenanti
under varied acoustic parameters and
hydraulic conditions

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MU Xicheng , LI Jiaxin , LI Feng , ShI Xiaotao , YU Lixiong , WANG Min ,
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ZHANG Shenwei , CHEN Xiaolong , ZHENG Daiqing , YANG Ji , CHEN Jun ,
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ZHANG Hengbin , ZHANG Xin , LI Xinyu , LIU Guoyong 1,2*
1. College of Hydraulic and Environment Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China;
2. Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Fish Passage,
China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China;
3. College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China;
4. Xizang Water Conservancy and Hydropower Planning Survey and Design Institute, Lhasa 850000, China;
5. National Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing,
Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan 430223, China
Abstract: To investigate whether acoustic deterrence technology can enhance fish passage efficiency under hydrodynamic con-
ditions at fishway entrances, this study established a 1∶50 scaled physical model of the Xianghe Hydraulic Complex in a
laboratory flume. Underwater speakers were deployed upstream of the fishway entrance in the river channel to evaluate the
efficacy of predator vocalizations and pulsed sounds in obstructing upstream migration and improving fishway entrance pas-
sage rates, with Schizothorax prenanti as the test species. The results demonstrated that: ① Tested acoustic signals experienced
waveform distortion under hydrodynamic conditions, yet retained spectral characteristics exceeding ambient noise levels while
remaining within the frequency reception range of cyprinids. ② All acoustic stimuli induced significant negative phonotaxis in
test fish, with the sound field exhibiting a “central amplification-peripheral attenuation” pattern characterized by faster lateral
attenuation than longitudinal dissipation. ③ Optimal deterrence effects were achieved with 130 dB pulsed sounds at river cur-
rent velocity 0.15 m/s and fishway entrance velocity 0.4 m/s, whereas 130 dB Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis) vocaliza-
tions showed superior efficacy at 0.15 m/s river flow and 0.6 m/s fishway entrance velocity. ④ At 0.4 m/s fishway entrance
velocity, both 130 dB alligator vocalization and pulsed sound experimental groups demonstrated significantly higher passage
rates compared to the control (P<0.05). Two-Way ANOVA revealed significant main effects of sound type (P<0.05) and fish-
way entrance velocity (P<0.05), with a significant interaction between these factors (F=3.273, P=0.04). This study confirms
that acoustic deterrence technology can effectively impede upstream migration in fluvial environments under specific hydro-
dynamic conditions. The findings provide scientific evidence and technical references for engineering applications of acoustic
fish guidance systems and optimization of ecological operations in hydropower facilities.
Key words: Schizothorax prenanti; negative phonotaxis behavior; Alligator sinensis hissing; hydraulic engineering; intermit-
tent sound
Corresponding author: LIU Guoyong. E-mail: fishlab@163.com
Funding projects: National Natural Science Foundation of China (52279069); Innovative Research Group Program of Natural
Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2023AFA005); National Key R & D Program of China (2023YFC3205903)

https://www.china-fishery.cn 中国水产学会主办 sponsored by China Society of Fisheries
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