Page 104 - 《摩擦学学报》2021年第3期

第 41 卷 第 3 期 摩 擦 学 学 报 Vol 41 No 3
2021 年 5 月 Tribology May, 2021

DOI: 10.16078/j.tribology.2020163

合金元素Ta、Ag对镍基合金机械性能和

摩擦学性能的影响及机理研究

1,2
2
1*
赵高攀 , 张鹏林 , 王文珍 , 易戈文 1*
(1. 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 固体润滑国家重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000;
2. 兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院，省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730050)
摘 要: 利用高能球磨和真空热压烧结方法制备了添加Ta和Ag的镍基复合材料. 考察了复合材料在宽温域范围内
的摩擦磨损性能和力学性能，利用SEM、XRD等表征分析其物相组成、磨损机理及断裂机制. 结果表明: 热压烧结过
程中，Ta与石墨模具中的C反应生成TaC陶瓷相并在基体中弥散分布；Ta、Ag的加入降低了材料的摩擦磨损，
NiCrMoAl-Ta-Ag复合材料实现了在室温~800 ℃的连续润滑，室温时Ag提供润滑作用，中温时由磨屑和Ag形成局
部润滑膜，800 ℃时磨损表面形成了含氧化物、钼酸银和Ag的润滑膜. 加入Ta极大提高了材料的机械性能，
NiCrMoAl-Ta合金在室温~1 000 ℃具有优异的机械性能，归因于原位生成的TaC和Al 2 O 3 陶瓷相的弥散强化；材料的
断裂机制随温度升高由微孔聚集型断裂转变为以微孔聚集型和氧化断裂为主的断裂.
关键词: 镍基复合材料; 宽温域; 摩擦磨损性能; 机械性能; 断裂机制
中图分类号: TG117.3 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1004-0595(2021)03–0393–11

Influences and Mechanisms of the Alloying Elements Ta and Ag
on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of

Nickel-Base Alloys

1*
2
1,2
ZHAO Gaopan , ZHANG Penglin , WANG Wenzhen , YI Gewen 1*
(1. State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Gansu Lanzhou 730000, China
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of
Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Gansu Lanzhou 730050, China)
Abstract: Nickel-based composites with addition of Ta and Ag were prepared by high-energy ball milling and vacuum
hot-pressing (HP) sintering methods. The tribological and mechanical properties of the composites in a wide temperature
range were investigated. The phase composition, wear mechanism and fracture mechanism were analyzed by scanning
electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. During the HP sintering process, Ta reacted with C in the graphite die and
formed a TaC ceramic phase which dispersed in the matrix. The addition of Ta and Ag reduced the friction and wear of
the material, and the NiCrMoAl-Ta-Ag composite achieved continuous lubrication from room temperature to 800 ℃. Ag
provided lubrication at room temperature, and discrete lubricant film was formed by abrasive debris and Ag at
intermediate temperature, while at 800 ℃, a continuous lubricant film containing oxide, silver molybdate and Ag was
formed on the worn surface. The addition of Ta significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of the material. The
NiCrMoAl-Ta alloy had excellent mechanical properties in wide temperature range (room temperature ~ 1 000 ℃),

Received 29 July 2020, revised 21 August 2020, accepted 9 September 2020, available online 28 May 2021.
*Corresponding author. E-mail: wzhwang@licp.cas.cn, Tel: +86-931-4968135; E-mail: gwyi@licp.cas.cn.
The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51471181, 51575505, 51675508).
国家自然科学基金项目(51471181，51575505，51675508)资助.