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5 期 孟 恬等:GPS掩星观测误差和边界层高度的判别 1199
图10 2007-2014年COSMIC掩星资料折射率确定的第一边界层梯度与对应LSW分布
Fig. 10 The gradient of PBL1 corresponding to LSW of COSMIC RO data in 2007-2014 is divided into colors according
N
to the number of samples(a),average(b,unit:km)and standard deviation(c,unit:km)of PBL1 diff
表2 基于弯角和折射率判断的第一边界层高度差 参考文献:
Table 2 Difference of PBLH1 based on bending
angle and refractivity Anthes A,Ector R,Hunt C,et al,2012. The COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3
mission:Early results[J]. Bulletin of the American Meteorologi‐
LSW -dN/dz(N-unit/km)
cal Society,89(3):313-333. DOI:10. 1175/BAMS-89-3-313.
/% 70 80 90 100 Ao C O,Hajj G A,Meehan T K,et al,2009. Rising and setting GPS
5 60 80 120 - occultations by use of open-loop tracking[J]. Journal of Geophysi‐
10 80 100 120 160 cal Research Atmospheres,114(D4):D04101. DOI:10. 1029/
2008jd010483.
15 100 100 120 160
Ao C O,Waliser D E,Chan S K,et al,2012. Planetary boundary lay‐
20 100 100 120 160
er heights from GPS radio occultation refractivity and humidity
25 - 120 120 160
profiles[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,117
30 - 120 140 - (D16):D16117. DOI:10. 1029/2012JD017598.
35 - 120 140 - Basha G,Ratnam M V,2009. Identification of atmospheric boundary
-表示无数据 layer height over a tropical station using high-resolution radio‐
sonde refractivity profiles:Comparison with GPS radio occulta‐
diff
异(PBL )偏大。尽可能消除边界层误判影响后, tion measurements[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmo‐
diff
进一步研究折射率梯度、LSW 与 PBL 的关系发 spheres,114(D16):D16101. DOI:10. 1029/2008JD011692.
diff
现,PBL1 随折射率梯度和 LSW 增加而增加。因 Beyrich F,1997. Mixing height estimation from sodar data-A critical
discussion[J]. Atmospheric Environment,31(23):3941-3953.
此在中低纬度可以考虑将折射率梯度与 LSW 共同
DOI:10. 1016/S1352-2310(97)00231-8.
作为掩星资料判断边界层的质量控制因子。
Born M,Wolf E,Hecht E,2000. Principles of optic:Electromagnetic
LSW 是反映弯角、折射率反演误差的物理量, theory of propagation,interference and diffraction of light[J].
与折射率垂直梯度湿项有很好的线性关系。弯角 Physics Today,53(10):77-78. DOI:10. 1063/1. 1325200.
反演折射率时是基于球对称假定的,当折射率梯度 Chan K M,Wood R,2013,The seasonal cycle of planetary boundary
大时,射线路径不满足球对称假定,有较大的反演 layer depth determined using COSMIC radio occultation data[J].
Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,118(22):12,
diff
误差。因此去除边界层误判影响后 PBL 随梯度增
422-12,434. DOI:10. 1002/2013JD020147.
大而增大。将来工作包括用更多观测资料定量研
Culverwell I D,Lewis H W,Offiler D,et al,2015. The radio occulta‐
究LSW与垂直梯度阈值用于质量控制。 tion processing package,ROPP[J]. Atmospheric Measurement
Techniques,8(4):1887-1899. DOI:10. 5194 /amt-8-1887-2015.
致谢:感谢 ROM SAF(Radio Occultation Meteo‐
Dee D P,Uppala S M,Simmons A J,et al,2011. The ERA-Interim
rologySatellite Application Facilities)项 目 的 ROPP
reanalysis:configuration and performance of the data assimila‐
程 序 包 以 及 CDAAC(COSMIC Data Analysis and tion system[J]. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological So‐
Archive Center)的掩星数据。 ciety,137:553-597. DOI:10. 1002/qj. 828.