Page 158 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第11期

第 46 卷 第 11 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 46, No. 11
2026 年 11 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Nov., 2026

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2025-0401

地下爆炸耦合系数与填塞系数确定方法 *

张效晗 ，徐天涵 ，王明洋 3
3
1,2
（1. 上海市地下空间设计研究总院有限公司，上海 200001；
2. 南京理工大学机械工程学院工程安全防护技术研究所，江苏 南京 210094；
3. 陆军工程大学爆炸冲击防灾减灾全国重点实验室，江苏 南京 210007）

摘要： 耦合系数与填塞系数广泛应用于地下爆炸地冲击大小预测及爆炸破坏范围评估，随着埋深增加，爆炸地冲
击耦合机制发生变化，不同耦合系数呈现不同演化规律。系统总结了地下爆炸耦合系数和填塞系数的试验与理论研
究成果，介绍了常用耦合系数类型及换算关系，分析了现有试验中不同耦合系数及不同介质中耦合系数随埋深的变化
规律，讨论了耦合系数计算方法及临界埋深确定方法，对比了不同介质中的等效当量系数和填塞系数，并对目前研究
中尚待解决的问题和下一步的研究方向进行了展望。
关键词： 地下爆炸；耦合系数；填塞系数；地冲击；临界埋深
中图分类号： O389 国标学科代码： 13035 文献标志码： A

Methods for determining coupling and stemming
coefficients of underground explosions

1,2
3
ZHANG Xiaohan , XU Tianhan , WANG Mingyang 3
（1. Shanghai Underground Space Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200001, China;
2. Institute of Engineering Safety Protection Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering,
Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Explosion and Impact and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation,
Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, Jiangsu, China）

Abstract: Coupling and stemming coefficients are essential for predicting ground shock magnitude and damage zones from
underground explosions, yet their variation with burial depth and dependence on media and explosion types remain
insufficiently understood. Experimental and theoretical methods for determining these coefficients in concrete, rock, and soil
under both chemical and nuclear explosions were systematically reviewed. Based on collected data from published tests,
definitions of different coupling coefficients (energy coupling, ground shock parameter coupling, equivalent yield, and
stemming coefficients) were clarified, and conversion relationships among them were derived using energy conservation and
wave attenuation principles. The critical burial depth for full coupling was analyzed separately for peak quantities (e.g., peak
stress, particle velocity) and integral quantities (e.g., impulse, surface vibration). Experimental results show that peak quantities
reach full coupling at a depth approximately equal to the contained explosion cavity radius, which is much shallower than the
critical depth for contained explosions. In contrast, impulse and ground motion require depths close to the contained explosion
threshold. The coupling energy is proportional to the volume of the damaged zone, and the evolution of coupling coefficients
with scaled depth of burial follows a Boltzmann function, requiring only two parameters to define the entire curve. For

* 收稿日期： 2025-12-10；修回日期： 2026-05-26
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金（52509159）；国家重点研发计划（2024YFF0508204）
第一作者： 张效晗（1987－ ），女，博士研究生，高级工程师，zhangxiaohan@suadi.com.cn
通信作者： 徐天涵（1995－ ），男，博士，副教授，martinxu41@qq.com

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