Page 31 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第01期

第 46 卷 第 1 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 46, No. 1
2026 年 1 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Jan., 2026

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2024-0435

多航行体水下发射弹道干扰特性影响数值研究 *

李 腾 ，仇 洋 ，姚伟光 ，桂毓林 ，潘 光 ，郑晓波 1
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（1. 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所，四川 绵阳 621999；
2. 西北工业大学航海学院，陕西 西安 710072）
摘要： 多航行体水下发射过程中，航行体处于复杂多变的流场环境，其运动弹道偏转不仅受初始速度、横流等条
件的影响，还受多体间相互干扰效应的制约。为研究多体水下发射的空泡演化与弹道干扰特性，基于重叠网格技术与
有限体积法，结合六自由度运动模型，建立了多体水下发射数值仿真模型，系统分析了空间排列方式、发射速度及横
流对弹道偏转的影响机制。结果表明：空间排列方式对弹道偏移的影响较小，实际应用中可采用等边三角形排列以优
化发射空间利用率；发射速度增大时，航行体尾涡干扰加剧，流场扰动显著增强，导致弹道间相互干扰效应更加明显；
横流速度的增加会加剧模型肩部空泡发展的不对称性，当横流速度超过 0.75 m/s 时，横流成为弹道偏转的主导因素。
研究结果可为多体水下发射的弹道预测和布局优化提供理论依据。
关键词： 多航行体；弹道；出水；空化流场
中图分类号： O368; TJ762.4 国标学科代码： 13035 文献标志码： A

Numerical study on the influence of trajectory interference characteristics of
multiple projectiles underwater launch

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LI Teng , QIU Yang , YAO Weiguang , GUI Yulin , PAN Guang , ZHENG Xiaobo 1
（1. Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China;
2. School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, Shaanxi, China）
Abstract: During the underwater launch of multiple projectiles, each projectile operates within a highly complex and dynamic
flow field, where its trajectory deflection is influenced by a combination of factors. These factors include initial conditions such
as the projectile’s velocity and the presence of crossflow, as well as the mutual interference effects among the projectiles. To
gain a deeper understanding of the cavitation evolution and trajectory interference characteristics during the underwater launch
of multiple projectiles, this study develops a comprehensive numerical simulation model. The model integrates the overlapping
grid technique and the finite volume method and is coupled with a six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) motion model. Through this
model, the influence mechanisms of spatial arrangement, launch velocity, and crossflow on trajectory deflection are
systematically analyzed. The results of this study reveal several important findings. First, the spatial arrangement of the
projectiles has a relatively minor impact on trajectory deflection. An equilateral triangular configuration is found to be an
optimal choice for practical applications, as it maximizes the efficient utilization of the launch space. Second, as the launch
velocity increases, the wake interference between projectiles becomes more pronounced. This intensified interference leads to
significant disturbances in the flow field and stronger mutual trajectory interference among the projectiles. Third, higher
crossflow velocities exacerbate the asymmetric development of cavitation near the projectile shoulders. When the crossflow
velocity exceeds 0.75 m/s, it becomes the dominant factor influencing trajectory deflection. These research findings provide a
robust theoretical foundation for trajectory prediction and layout optimization in the underwater launch of multiple projectiles.
Keywords: multiple projectiles; trajectory; water exit; cavitation flow field

* 收稿日期： 2024-11-05；修回日期： 2025-04-16
第一作者： 李 腾（1999－ ），男，硕士，助理工程师，liteng201606@163.com
通信作者： 郑晓波（1986－ ），男，博士，高级工程师，zxb3710@163.com

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