Page 57 - 《爆炸与冲击》2025年第9期

第 45 卷 第 9 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 45, No. 9
2025 年 9 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Sept., 2025

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2024-0350

混凝土中柱形装药的爆炸破坏分区

及应力波衰减规律 *

周 鑫，冯 彬，陈 力

（东南大学爆炸安全防护教育部工程研究中心，江苏 南京 211189）

摘要： 为了探究柱形装药爆炸应力波在混凝土介质中的传播规律，基于 Karagozian and Case concrete (KCC) 本构模
型和多物质 ALE 算法（multi-material ALE，MMALE）开展数值模拟研究。首先，通过与已有的试验数据进行对比，验证
了本构模型参数和数值算法的适用性；在此基础上以峰值应力为准则，对装药周围混凝土介质的爆炸破坏分区进行划
分，并讨论了各破坏分区中爆炸应力波的衰减规律；之后，分析了装药长径比对爆炸破坏分区和爆炸应力波传播规律
的影响；最后，进一步考虑装药埋深的影响，并建立柱形装药爆炸应力波峰值应力计算公式。研究结果表明：各爆炸破
坏分区中爆炸应力波衰减规律存在显著差异，与中远区（过渡区和破裂区）相比，装药近区（拟流体区和压碎区）衰减更
快，另外，柱形装药长径比增加会加快法向峰值应力的衰减；并且建立的爆炸应力波峰值应力计算公式可以较为准确
快速地计算出不同形状、不同埋深下柱形装药爆炸应力波的法向峰值应力。
关键词： 混凝土；柱形装药；破坏分区；爆炸应力波；峰值应力
中图分类号： O382 国标学科代码： 13035 文献标志码： A

Study on failure zones and attenuation law of stress waves in concrete
induced by cylindrical charge explosion

ZHOU Xin, FENG Bin, CHEN Li
（Engineering Research Center of Safety and Protection of Explosion & Impact of Ministry of Education,
Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, Jiangsu, China）

Abstract: In blast-resistant structural design for conventional weapons, previous studies on blast-induced stress waves in solid
media have predominantly focused on soil and rock media (i.e., ground shock issues), whereas research on the propagation and
attenuation laws of stress waves in concrete remains relatively limited. Based on the Karagozian and Case concrete (KCC)
constitutive model in conjunction with the multi-material ALE (MMALE) algorithm, the propagation laws of stress waves in
concrete induced by cylindrical charge explosion were numerically investigated. Firstly, the applicability of the constitutive
model parameters and numerical algorithm were validated by comparing the results with the existing experiments.
Subsequently, the peak stress was employed as a criterion to delineate the explosive damage zones in the concrete surrounding
the charge. Additionally, the attenuation laws of explosion stress waves in each damage zone were discussed. Finally, the effect
of burial depth was taken into further considered, and a formula for calculating the peak stress in concrete induced by
cylindrical charge explosion was established. It was found that the attenuation patterns of blast-induced stress waves differ
significantly in each explosion failure zone. The stress waves in the near-field zone (quasi-fluid and crushing zones)
demonstrates a more rapid attenuation rate compared to that in the mid-field zone (transition and fracture zones). Furthermore,

* 收稿日期： 2024-09-18；修回日期： 2024-12-19
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金面上项目（52378487, 52378488）
第一作者： 周 鑫（1996－ ），男，博士研究生，zhouxin_0616@163.com
通信作者： 冯 彬（1988－ ），男，副研究员，fengbin.plaust@foxmail.com

092202-1