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第 31 卷 第 3 期 真空与低温
2025 年 5 月 Vacuum and Cryogenics 397
适 用 于 微 聚 焦 X 射 线 源 的 微 纳 结 构 阳 极 钼 靶 热 管 理 :
热 失 稳 机 制 及 解 决 策 略
刘丰源,沈 岩 *
(中山大学电子与信息工程学院(微电子学院) 光电材料与技术国家重点实验室
广东省显示材料与技术重点实验室,广州 510275)
摘要:透射式 X 射线源具有辐射输出对称性好、可调谐性高等优势,适用于高精度、高定制化的辐射应用场
景。发展基于微纳结构阳极钼靶的透射式 X 射线源器件有望实现微聚焦的辐射特性并提高其亮度,但靶材的散
热问题是制约 X 射线辐射剂量和亮度的关键因素。建立了适用于微纳结构阳极钼靶的热响应模型,分析了电子
束和透射式靶材结构参数对靶温度分布的影响,最终确定 1 μm 直径、2.6 μm 厚度为钼靶的最佳结构尺寸,实现了
辐射性能和热稳定性间的平衡。为进一步解决热失稳问题,提出了一种采用旋转阳极钼靶交替受激的器件热管
理策略。理论计算表明,通过引入额外散热途径,该结构可承受高达 282.28 mA/cm 电流密度的电子束轰击,较单
2
个微纳结构钼靶提升了 44.45 倍。该研究为高性能透射式微聚焦 X 射线源的开发提供了新思路。
关键词:X 射线;微聚焦;阳极靶;钼微纳结构;热管理
中图分类号:TB71 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006−7086(2025)03−0397−08
DOI:10.12446/j.issn.1006-7086.2025.03.016
Thermal Management of Micro-nano Anodic Molybdenum Targets for Microfocused X-ray Sources:
Thermal Instability Mechanisms and Solution Strategies
*
LIU Fengyuan,SHEN Yan
(State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory
of Display Material and Technology,School of Electronics and Information Technology
(School of Microelectronics),Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)
Abstract:Transmission-type X-ray sources exhibit significant advantages in customized radiation applications such as
high-precision imaging,materials analysis,and medical diagnosis due to their superior radiation output symmetry and highly
tunable characteristics. The development of transmission-type X-ray source devices based on micro-nanostructured molybde-
num anode targets not only promises to achieve microfocused radiation characteristics and enhanced brightness but also en-
ables more precise X-ray control. However,under high-power operating conditions,thermal management of the target materi-
al emerges as a critical bottleneck limiting the enhancement of X-ray radiation dose and brightness. This issue is particularly
prominent in practical applications,significantly impacting device longevity and operational stability. A theoretical model for
the thermal response of micro - nanostructured molybdenum anode targets was established,comprehensively incorporating
heat conduction, radiation heat transfer, and electron beam energy deposition. Through systematic analysis of the relation-
ships among electron beam energy, transmission target structural parameters, and temperature distribution, combined with
multi-parameter optimization calculations, the optimal molybdenum target dimensions of 1 μm in diameter and 2.6 μm in
thickness were determined,achieving an optimal balance between radiation performance and thermal stability. To further ad-
dress thermal instability issues, a device thermal management strategy utilizing alternating excitation of rotating molybde-
收稿日期:2024−10−20
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFA1208503);国家自然科学基金面上项目(62471498);广东省自然科学基金面上
项目(2023A1515011876)
作者简介:刘丰源,硕士研究生。E-mail:liufy57@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
通信作者:沈岩,博士,副教授。E-mail:shenyan7@mail.sysu.edu.cn