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第 5 期 何暮春等: 贝类血淋巴细胞及其增殖、分化和死亡 551
贝类血淋巴细胞的结构与功能特征及分类 贝类血淋巴细胞的增殖与分化
细胞结构 细胞增殖
HGFR
TLR3
RUNX CDK2
GATA CDC6
SCL CDC45
Brachyury
圆形细胞, 无颗粒, IL-17R1
有伪足 含丰富细胞器 充满致密颗粒
细胞核大 大空泡 IL-17-1
细胞功能 细胞分化
1 2 1
释放
ROS
分泌
TNF, 贝类血淋巴细胞及 无粒细胞 半粒细胞
ILs 贝壳再生 其增殖、分化和死亡 颗粒细胞
病原识别 细胞吞噬 与修复
2
细胞分类 Ub
CHIP
RUNX Ub
PCNA
RUNX Integrin α4
无粒细胞
炎性程序性细胞死亡 非炎性程序性细胞死亡 颗粒细胞
无粒细胞 半粒细胞
细胞焦亡 铜死亡 铁死亡 细胞自噬 细胞凋亡
Erastin SLC3A2
伊利司莫 Cu 2+ SLC31A1
AIFM2
ATP7A SLC7A11 ATG16L1
Caspase-1 ESCRT-Ⅲ ROS
GSDME Caspase-3 FDX1 Fe-S 胱氨酸 AMP 溶酶体降解 Caspase-3
Cu + DLAT TCA 半胱氨酸 铁死亡 ROS Caspase-5
颗粒细胞 s s Pyruvate GSH GPX4 TNF
炎性因子 ssss 脂质过氧化
贝类血淋巴细胞的程序性细胞死亡
图 1 贝类血淋巴细胞及其增殖、分化和死亡总结图(该图由 Figdraw 绘制)
Fig. 1 An overview of mollusc hemocytes: proliferation, differentiation, and death (this figure was drawn by Figdraw)
注:贝类血淋巴细胞的结构与功能特征及分类(Structure, functional characteristics and classification of hemocytes in
molluscs) 。细胞结构(Cellular structure) :有伪足(Cells with pseudopodia) ;圆形细胞,细胞核大(Round cells with large
nuclei) ;无颗粒,大空泡(Granule-free cells containing prominent vacuoles) ;含丰富细胞器(Cells with abundant in cellular
organelles) ;充满致密颗粒(Cells filled with dense granules) 。细胞功能(Cell function) :病原识别(Pathogen recognition) ;
细胞吞噬(Phagocytosis) ;贝壳再生与修复(Shell regeneration and repair) 。细胞分类(Cell classification) :无粒细胞
(Agranulocytes) ;半粒细胞(Semi-granulocytes) ;颗粒细胞(Granulocytes) 。贝类血淋巴细胞的增殖与分化(Proliferation
and differentiation of hemocytes in molluscs) :细胞增殖(Cell proliferation) ;细胞分化(Cell differentiation) 。贝类血淋巴细
胞的程序性细胞死亡(Programmed cell death of hemocytes in molluscs) :炎性程序性细胞死亡(Inflammatory programmed cell
death) :细胞焦亡(Pyroptosis) 、铜死亡(Cuproptosis) 、铁死亡(Ferroptosis) 、非炎性程序性细胞死亡(Non-inflammatory
programmed cell death) :细胞自噬(Autophagy)和细胞凋亡(Apoptosis) ;溶酶体降解(Lysosomal degradation) 。
[ 3 ] Travers M A, Boettcher Miller K, Roque A, et al. Bac-
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