Page 417 - 《软件学报》2025年第12期

5798 软件学报 2025 年第 36 卷第 12 期

5 总 结

针对车载自组织网络中基础设施稀疏、车辆分布不均匀、车辆的高度动态性以及轨迹难以预测等问题, 本文
提出一种基于历史交通数据驱动的 VANET 智能路由算法. 该算法将地理区域划分为大小一致的网格, 针对不同
目的地计算出车辆从当前网格向不同方向的邻居网格移动的 Q 值, 每辆车存储由 Q-learning 计算得到的用于路径
选择的转发表, 车辆通过查询转发表来选择下一路径, 然后根据车辆的位置代价、链路的生存性以及路由空洞得
到的转发代价找到代价最小者作为下一中继车辆. 通过与现有方法进行实验对比, 研究结果表明: HTD-IR 在
VANET 中具有良好的路由性能, 表现出高投递率、低时延、高网络收益率和低开销的特点. 在未来的工作中, 我
们将继续对算法进行优化, 如在 V2V 方式中对车辆选择策略进行优化, 在道路交叉口处考虑车辆的行驶方向和轨
迹对未来数据包传输的贡献, 进一步提高算法效率.

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