Page 64 - 摩擦学学报2025年第9期

1318 摩擦学学报（中英文） 第 45 卷

strength ratio, and other properties, is often used as an important structural material for the manufacturing of bearings,
bushing, bearings, gears, sealing rings, propellers, valves and other key parts of mechanical equipment, and is widely
used in marine engineering, machinery manufacturing and chemical industry. With the development of science and
technology, the hardness, yield ratio and wear resistance of traditional aluminum bronze can no longer meet the
requirements of use under harsh working conditions. The surface is prone to severe adhesive wear and abrasive wear and
failure, which greatly reduces the reliability and service life of related basic parts and limits its application. Surface
texture is a surface treatment technology that can effectively improve the tribological properties of friction pairs. In this
study, a single ellipse, a triangle and a mixture of two shapes were processed on the surface of a CuAl10Fe5Ni5
substrate by laser processing, and the effects of linear and staggered arrangements on the tribological and wear properties
of the textured CuAl10Fe5Ni5 surface under dry friction and oil lubrication were investigated. The anti-wear mechanism
of the textured CuAl10Fe5Ni5 material under dry friction and oil lubrication was investigated. The test results showed
that under oil lubrication, because the texture functions to store the lubricating medium, the textured surface could
replenish the lubricating medium and fully lubricate the friction interface. Compared with the substrate surface, the
textured surface had a remarkable lubrication and wear resistance effect. A staggered arrangement under oil lubrication
could improve the bearing capacity of the material surface and reduce the friction and wear of the material surface.
Compared with the single ellipse and triangle texture arrangements, the use of the ellipse triangle texture for the
staggered arrangement had a synergistic effect on the different shape textures and improved the wear resistance. Under
dry friction conditions, the textured CuAl10Fe5Ni5 had certain anti-friction and wear resistance effects compared with
those of the substrate due to its chip tolerance. A linear arrangement could reduce the friction resistance of the material
surface and thus reduce the friction coefficient of the textured surface, while a staggered arrangement could capture more
debris reducing the wear of the contact area caused by small debris, and improve the wear resistance of the material
surface. The staggered triangular texture had the best wear reduction effect, and the wear rate was reduced by 34.1%.
The friction and wear performance of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 could be improved by the reasonable design and synergy of
different shapes and different arrangements. The results could provide a theoretical reference for improving the design of
surface lubrication and anti-wear properties of textured aluminum bronze materials.
Key words: laser micro-texture; arrangement mode; aluminum bronze; lubrication form; tribology performance

铝青铜是工业领域中常用的结构材料，因其具有 马震等 基于激光加工技术，在TC4钛合金表面制备
[11]
良好的硬度、耐磨性、耐腐蚀以及屈强比等性能被广 了不同密度表面织构和聚四氟乙烯润滑薄膜复合结
泛用于制造轴承、轴套、轴瓦、齿轮、密封环、螺旋桨 构，最优织构面密度下织构化PTFE润滑薄膜表面因
和阀门等机械设备关键零部件 [1-2] . 随着科学技术的发 结合力明显增大使得磨损率相对单一的润滑薄膜处
[12]
展，传统铝青铜的硬度、屈强比和耐磨性能已难满足 降低99.3%. Janssen等 通过试验发现较低的深径比
苛刻工况下的使用要求，表面易发生剧烈黏着磨损及 有利于减少颗粒在表面上产生犁沟效应，摩擦系数小
磨粒磨损而失效，极大降低了相关基础零部件的可靠 于0.02. He等 [13] 制备了39%、52%和58%这3种密度织
[3]
性及使用寿命，导致其应用受到限制 . 现有研究表 构化类金刚石(DLC)涂层，试验结果表明在干摩擦和
明，在材料表面制备合适的非光滑纹理结构可改善金 油润滑下52%密度的织构化DLC涂层表面因在摩擦诱
属材料摩擦学性能，相关技术已在轴承、气缸、齿轮、 导涂层石墨化、织构容屑和储油二次润滑等作用下具
[14]
密封件和刀具等机械零部件上广泛应用 [4-8] . 作为1种 有最好的减摩耐磨效果. Yu等 对流体润滑下不同滑
表面改型技术，表面织构在不改变材料本身的前提 动方向上三角形、圆形和椭圆3种不同几何形状织构
下，因具有储存润滑油、增加润滑膜承载能力、改善 表面产生的无量纲平均压力进行数值模拟计算，当椭
[9]
润滑效果以及储存磨屑等优点 ，为缓解铝青铜表面 圆织构长轴与滑动方向垂直情况下表面具有最高承
[15]
剧烈磨损的问题提供了新的思路. 载能力. Wang等 通过仿真模拟仿真结合摩擦磨损试
织构几何参数是改善摩擦副表面润滑和耐磨性 验对比矩形、圆形、三角形以及菱形织构摩擦学特
能的关键参数，只有具有合适参数的表面织构才能发 性，发现4种形状中三角形织构表现出最佳抗磨损效
[16]
挥其最优的表面改性作用. 在硬对软配副中为减小软 果. 马文林等 在45钢表面加工正方形、三角形和圆
[10]
质材料的磨损，一般将织构加工于软质材料表面 . 形3种不同形状表面织构，结合销-盘旋转摩擦磨损试