Page 37 - 摩擦学学报2025年第9期

第 9 期 刘聪, 等: 镀铜钢纤维和合金化增强FeS/Cu-Bi自润滑材料的性能研究 1291

(a) (b) Steel fiber (c) (d)
protrusion Steel fiber
Steel fiber
Steel fiber
500 μm 250 μm 500 μm 100 μm

(e) (f) (g)

5 mm 5 mm 5 mm
Furrow
Deep furrow
Furrow
1 mm 1 mm 1 mm

(a1) Steel fiber protrusion (b1) (c1)
Steel fiber protrusion
200 μm 200 μm Micro adhesion
Adhesion
Furrow Furrow
Furrow
Adhesion
50 μm 50 μm 50 μm

(d1) (e1) (f1)
Micro adhesion Furrow Furrow

Micro furrow

50 μm Micro adhesion 50 μm 50 μm

Fig. 8 Optical and SEM micrographs of the surface of the self-lubricating material containing copper-plated steel fibers of different
lengths and the counterparts: (a) polishing surface of self-lubricating material containing 1 mm copper plated steel fibers; (b) wear
surface of self-lubricating material containing 1 mm copper plated steel fibers; (c) polishing surface of self-lubricating material
containing 7 mm copper plated steel fibers; (d) wear surface of self-lubricating material containing 7 mm copper plated steel fibers;
(e) wear surface of self-lubricating material friction counterparts without copper plated steel fibers (0 mm); (f) wear surface of self-
lubricating material friction counterparts containing 1 mm copper plated steel fibers; (g) wear surface of self-lubricating material
friction counterparts containing 7 mm copper plated steel fibers; (a1) wear surface of self-lubricating material containing 1 mm
copper plated steel fibers; (b1) wear surface of self-lubricating material containing 3 mm copper plated steel fibers; (c1) wear surface
of self-lubricating material containing 5 mm copper plated steel fibers; (d1) wear surface of self-lubricating material containing 7 mm
copper plated steel fibers; (e1) wear surface of self-lubricating material containing 9 mm copper plated steel fibers; (f1) wear surface
of self-lubricating material containing 11 mm copper plated steel fibers
图 8 含不同长度镀铜钢纤维的FeS/Cu-Bi自润滑材料及对偶件表面光学显微镜和SEM照片：(a)含长1 mm镀铜钢纤维的自润
滑材料抛光表面；(b)含长1 mm镀铜钢纤维的自润滑材料磨损表面；(c)含长7 mm镀铜钢纤维的自润滑材料抛光表面；(d)含长
7 mm镀铜钢纤维的自润滑材料磨损表面；(e)不含镀铜钢纤维(0 mm)的自润滑材料摩擦对偶件的磨损表面；(f)含长1 mm镀铜
钢纤维的自润滑材料摩擦对偶件的磨损表面；(g)含长7 mm镀铜钢纤维的自润滑材料摩擦对偶件的磨损表面；(a1)含长1 mm
镀铜钢纤维的自润滑材料磨损表面；(b1)含长3 mm镀铜钢纤维的自润滑材料磨损表面；(c1)含长5 mm镀铜钢纤维的自润滑材
料磨损表面；(d1)含长7 mm镀铜钢纤维的自润滑材料磨损表面；(e1)含长9 mm镀铜钢纤维的自润滑材料磨损表面；(f1)含长
11 mm镀铜钢纤维的自润滑材料磨损表面

率减小，在钢纤维长度为7 mm时，复合材料具有较好 图11所示为自润滑材料的综合力学与摩擦学性
的力学性能，因而具有较小的磨损速率. 但随钢纤维 能之间的关系图，从图11中可看出，不含钢纤维的材
长度继续增加，材料力学性能达到稳定后，过长的钢 料除密度外，力学与摩擦学性能均较含钢纤维的材料
纤维暴露在磨损表面，不利于磨损表面富集形成连续 低一些. 含不同长度镀铜钢纤维的复合材料之间的性
和完整的润滑膜，增大了自润滑材料与对偶件间的接 能相差也较大，较短的钢纤维在提升复合材料力学性
触，导致材料减摩耐磨性能又呈现下降趋势. 能方面的效果不够显著，但能明显降低材料的减摩耐