Page 123 - 《高原气象》2021年第5期
P. 123

高     原      气     象                                 40 卷
              1084
                 Global Drop Size Distributions[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric  breakup of raindrops and its implications for the shapes of rain‐
                 Sciences,75(5):1453-1476. DOI:org/10. 1175/JAS-D-17-  drop size distributions[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
                 0242. 1.                                          61(7):777-794. DOI:org/10. 1175/1520-0469(2004)061<
             Friedrich K,Kalina E A,Masters F J,et al,2013a. Drop-size distri‐  0777:ANROCB>2. 0. CO;2.
                 butions in thunderstorms measured by optical disdrometers during  Porcù F,D’Adderio L P,Prodi F,et al,2014. Rain drop size distri‐
                 VORTEX2[J]. Monthly Weather Review,141(4):1182-1203.  bution over the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Atmospheric Research,150
                 DOI:org/10. 1175/MWR-D-12-00116. 1.              (150):1-30. DOI:10. 1016/j. atmosres. 2014. 07. 005.
             Friedrich K,Stephanie H,Masters F J,et al,2013b. Articulating and  Porcù F,D'Adderio LP,Prodi F,et al,2013. Effects of altitude on
                 stationary PARSIVEL disdrometer measurements in conditions  maximum raindrop size and fall velocity as limited by collisional
                 with strong winds and heavy rainfall[J]. Journal of Atmospheric  breakup[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,70(4):1129-
                 and Oceanic Technology,30(9):2063-2080. DOI:org/10.  1134. DOI:org/10. 1175/JAS-D-12-0100. 1.
                 1175/JTECH-D-12-00254. 1.                      Prat O P,Barros A P,Testik F Y,2012. On the Influence of Raindrop
             Fulton R A,Breidenbach J P,Seo D J,et al,1998. The WSR-88D  Collision Outcomes on Equilibrium Drop Size Distributions[J].
                 rainfall algorithm[J]. Weather and Forecasting,13(2):377-  Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,69(5):1534-1546. DOI:
                 395. DOI:org/10. 1175/1520-0434(1998)013<0377:TWRA>  org/10. 1175/JAS-D-11-0192. 1.
                 2. 0. CO;2.                                    Rosenfeld D,Ulbrich C W,2003. Cloud microphysical properties,
             Gatlin P N,Thurai M,Bringi V N,et al,2015. Searching for large  processes,and rainfall estimation opportunities[C]. Radar and
                 raindrops:A global summary of Two-Dimensional Video Dis‐  Atmospheric Science:A Collection of Essays in Honor of David
                 drometer observations[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology and  Atlas,Meteorological Monographs,American Meteor Society,
                 Climatology,54(5):1069-1089. DOI:org/10. 1175/JAMC-D-  No. 52,237-258.
                 14-0089. 1.                                    Ryzhkov A V,Kumjian M R,Ganson S M,et al,2013. Polarimetric
             Hu Z,Srivastava R C,1995. Evolution of raindrop size distribution  radar characteristics of melting hail. Part I:Theoretical simula‐
                 by coalescence,breakup,and evaporation:Theory and observa‐  tions using spectral microphysical modeling[J]. Journal of Ap‐
                 tion[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,52(10):1761-  plied Meteorology and Climatology,52(12):2849-2870. DOI:
                 1783. DOI:org/10. 1175/1520-0469(1995)052<1761:EORSDB  org/10. 1175/JAMC-D-13-074. 1.
                 >2. 0. CO;2.                                   Sauvageot H,Koffi M,2000. Multimodal raindrop size distributions
             Jaffrain J,Berne A,2011. Experimental quantification of the sampling  [J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,57(15):2480-2492.
                 uncertainty associated with measurements from PARSIVEL dis‐  DOI:org/10. 1175/1520-0469(2000)057<2480:MRSD>2. 0.
                 drometers[J]. Journal of Hydrometeorology,12(3):352-370.  CO;2.
                 DOI:org/10. 1175/2010JHM1244. 1.               Sekhon R S,Srivastava R C,1971. Doppler radar observations of
             Joss J,Gori E G,1978. Shapes of raindrop size distributions[J]. Jour‐  drop-size distributions in a thunderstorm[J]. Journal of the Atmo‐
                 nal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology,17(7):1054-  spheric Sciences,28(6):983-994. DOI:org/10. 1175/1520-
                 1061. DOI:org/10. 1175/1520-0450(1978)017<1054:SORSD>  0469(1971)028<0983:DROODS>2. 0. CO;2.
                 2. 0. CO;2                                     Sempere T,Porra` D J,Creutin J D,1994. A general formulation for
             LÖffler-Mang M,Joss J,2000.An optical disdrometer for measur‐  raindrop size distribution[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology and
                 ing size and velocity of hydrometeors[J]. Journal of Atmospheric  Climatology,33(12):1494-1502. DOI:org/10. 1175/1520-
                 and Oceanic Technology,17(2):130-139. DOI:org/10. 1175/  0450(1994)033<1494:AGFFRS>2. 0. CO;2.
                 1520-0426(2000)017<0130:AODFMS>2. 0. CO;2.     Sempere T,Porra` D J,Creutin J D,1998. Experimental evidence of
             Low T B,List R,1982a. Collision,coalescence,and breakup of rain‐  a general description of raindrop size distribution properties[J].
                 drops. Part I:Experimentally established coalescence efficiencies  Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 103(D2):
                 and fragment size distributions in breakup[J]. Journal of the At‐  1785-1797. DOI:org/10. 1029/97JD02065.
                 mospheric Sciences,39(7):1591-1606. DOI:org/10. 1175/  Straub W,Behenga K,Seifert A,et al,2010. Numerical investiga‐
                 1520-0469(1982)039<1591:CCABOR>2. 0. CO;2.        tion of collision-induced breakup of raindrops. Part II:Parameter‐
             Low T B,List R,1982b. Collision,coalescence,and breakup of rain‐  izations of coalescence efficiencies and fragment size distributions
                 drops. Part II:Parameterization of fragment size distributions[J].  [J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,67(3):576-588.
                 Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,39(7):1607-1619. DOI:  DOI:org/10. 1175/2009JAS3175. 1.
                 org/10. 1175/1520-0469 (1982) 039<1607: CCABOR>2. 0.  Testud J S,Oury R A,Black P,et al,2001. The concept of "normal‐
                 CO;2.                                             ized" distribution to describe raindrop spectra:A tool for cloud
             Marshall J S,Palmer W M,1948. The distribution of raindrops with  physics and cloud remote sensing[J]. Journal of Applied Meteo‐
                 size[J]. Journal of Meteorology,5(4):165-166. DOI:org/10.  rology,40:1118-1140. DOI:10. 1175/1520-0450(2001)040<
                 1175/1520-0469(1948)005<0165:TDORWS>2. 0. CO;2.   1118:tcondt>2. 0. co;2.
             McFarquhar G M,2004. A new representation of collision-induced  Thurai M,Bringi V N,May P T,2010. CPOL radar-derived drop size
   118   119   120   121   122   123   124   125   126   127   128