Page 4 - 《爆炸与冲击》2026年第4期

第 46 卷 第 4 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 46, No. 4
2026 年 4 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Apr., 2026

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2025-0108

射流侵彻混凝土预损伤对弹体侵彻性能的影响 *

董建才 ，王 冕 ，刘 闯 ，李辰晖 ，马路遥 ，张先锋 1
1
1
1
1,2
1,2
（1. 南京理工大学机械工程学院，江苏 南京 210094；
2. 西北工业集团有限公司，陕西 西安 710043）
摘要： 为研究混凝土靶体损伤对弹体侵彻性能的影响，基于空腔膨胀理论，完善了弹体侵彻预损伤混凝土半经验
模型，采用前级射流、后级动能弹体对混凝土靶进行了连续侵彻试验，获得了影响弹体侵彻预损伤混凝土性能的关键
因素，结合预损伤混凝土靶体中混凝土材料强度变化关系，分析了弹靶参数对弹体二次侵彻性能的影响规律。结果表
明：靶体预损伤对弹体侵彻深度的增益效果由开坑体积差及混凝土损伤共同影响，且混凝土损伤为主要影响因素；当
靶体内存在有限长损伤区，靶体开孔直径是弹体直径的 0.3～0.5 倍时，靶体损伤对弹体侵彻深度增益最为明显；当靶
体内存在贯穿损伤区，靶体开孔直径与弹体直径的比值为 0.3 时，预损伤靶体与预开孔靶体中弹体侵彻深度差异较为
明显，且随着比值进一步增大，两者差异逐渐增大；当靶体损伤状态一定时，减小弹体直径或增大尖卵形弹体头部曲径
比（caliber radius head, CRH）对增大侵彻深度更为有利。
关键词： 预损伤混凝土；空腔膨胀理论；聚能装药；高速侵彻
中图分类号： O347; TJ41 国标学科代码： 13015 文献标志码： A

Study on the influence of concrete pre-damage on the
performance of projectile penetration

1
1,2
1
1
1,2
DONG Jiancai , WANG Mian , LIU Chuang , LI Chenhui , MA Luyao , ZHANG Xianfeng 1
（1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China;
2. Northwest Industries Group Company Ltd., Xi’an 710043, Shaanxi, China）
Abstract: To investigate the impact of target damage on projectile penetration performance, a series of penetration
experiments was conducted on a concrete target utilizing a former jet and a subsequent kinetic energy projectile. The critical
factors influencing the performance of pre-damaged concrete penetrated by the projectile were analyzed. The relationship for
the strength of the concrete materials in the pre-damaged concrete target was determined. Based on this, a semi-empirical
model of projectile penetration of pre-damaged concrete was established by combining the aforementioned cavity expansion
theory with the results of the preceding analysis. The impact of projectile and target parameters on the performance of
secondary penetration of the projectile was then analyzed. The findings indicate that the influence of pre-damaged concrete on
the depth of projectile penetration is contingent upon the discrepancy in crater volume and concrete damage. It can be posited
that the damage to the target is the predominant influencing factor. When there is a finite-length damage zone within the
concrete target and the diameter of the cavity of the target is between 0.3 and 0.5 times the diameter of the projectile, the effect
is even less pronounced. When a finite-length damage zone exists within the target, the pre-damage cavity is 0.3–0.5 times the
projectile diameter. In this instance, the gain in depth of penetration is most pronounced. In the event of penetrating damage to
the target, a ratio of 0.3 between the diameter of the target tunnel and that of the projectile is observed. The difference in
penetration depth between the pre-damaged target and the pre-drilled target is greater, with a gradual increase in this difference

* 收稿日期： 2025-04-08；修回日期： 2025-05-15
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金（12202205，12141202）
第一作者： 董建才（2001－ ），男，硕士研究生，dxx_millet@163.com
通信作者： 张先锋（1978－ ），男，博士，教授，lynx@njust.edu.cn

041001-1