Page 177 - 《爆炸与冲击》2025年第12期

第 45 卷 郭士旭，等： 接触爆炸条件下聚脲涂层对RC基板层裂和贯穿的影响 第 12 期

(1) 在爆炸波传播作用过程中，与 RC 裸板相比，背面聚脲涂层对 RC 基板的压缩坑没有影响，但会
对 RC 基板的层裂破坏产生影响。
(2) 在 RC 裸板背面，拉伸波与压缩波形成的净应力波始终是拉伸波；而在背面喷涂聚脲 RC 基板
中，紧邻混凝土/聚脲界面的净应力波是压缩波，在更深处的混凝土中，净应力波才是拉伸波。聚脲涂层
中透射的压缩波对混凝土层裂的影响有限。
(3) 背面喷涂聚脲后，混凝土/聚脲界面仅影响 RC 基板的第 1 次层裂，首次层裂后的层裂过程与
RC 裸板相同。
(4) 发生临界层裂（只发生 1 次层裂）时，聚脲涂层可以提高 RC 基板的临界层裂抗力，但层裂深度会
增大，层裂产生的混凝土破片尺寸可能变大。
(5) 发生贯穿时，聚脲涂层会使 RC 基板第 1 次层裂深度显著增加，但层裂次数减少；聚脲涂层对
RC 基板的总层裂深度和贯穿影响较小。
(6) RC 裸板的贯穿预估方法可以扩展应用于背面喷涂聚脲的 RC 基板。其中，Morishita 等 [41] 的经
验公式的适用性得到了接触爆炸试验的验证，并给出了其适用条件。
需要指出的是，接触爆炸过程非常复杂，爆炸波传播作用在炸药起爆后极短时间内占主导，之后爆
炸产物会加剧 RC 板的局部破坏 [27] ；此外，应力波在钢筋附近会发生弥散 [4,23] 。本文并未考虑爆炸产物和
钢筋的影响。

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