Page 33 - 《爆炸与冲击》2025年第6期
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第 45 卷 单仁亮,等: 深部岩体结构面动力特性与致灾效应研究进展 第 6 期
Multi-axial Hydraulic
pressure chamber plate Hydraulic oil
pump
σ 1
Control and
acquisition board
σ 2
Pressure
chamber
Sample
Control and
acquisition system
图 11 多功能真三轴流固耦合试验系统 [50]
Fig. 11 Multifunctional true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system [50]
Dynamic and static Research content of
Dynamic disturbance type Surrounding rock combined experimental dynamic and static
stress path
research combination
Disturbance effect High static stress
caused by the stress superimposed with low- Cyclic disturbance test
adjustment of regional frequency disturbance under high static stress
rock mass Combined loading
strength characteristics
Dynamic disturbance True triaxial Demonstrate the true
al
caused by strong loading and unloading triaxial unloading and
unloading path disturbance experiment
Combined loading
energy characteristics
Strong dynamic High static stress SHPB dynamic
disturbance generated in superposition intensifies and static combined
the excavation near area disturbance loading test
图 12 深部岩体动静组合加载问题研究思路 [53]
Fig. 12 Research approach for dynamic-static combined loading issues in deep rock mass [53]
3.2.2 不同形态结构面动力特性
岩体内形态各异的结构面会显著劣化岩石的动力学性质,使破坏更容易发生。因此,对含结构面岩
体的动静组合加载问题应当着重考虑。根据结构面类型的不同,总结具有代表性的组合加载试验及结
果如下。
(1) 无倾角平直贯通结构面
李杰等 [54] 利用自行研制的块系岩体动态力学性能测试试验系统(见图 13),开展了不同初始应力条
件下冲击扰动(2~300 MJ)诱发岩块滑移的物理模拟试验,发现初始静应力越接近最大静摩擦力,冲击
能量越大,岩块不可逆位移越大,越容易发生失稳。
(2) 有倾角平直贯通结构面
于永江等 [55] 对含倾角结构面试块施加频率为 2 Hz、幅值为 4~8 MPa 的正弦扰动,发现在循环加卸
载时,扰动应力幅值和结构面倾角越大,岩石强度越低,越容易发生失稳破坏。
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