Page 24 - 《爆炸与冲击》2025年第6期
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第 45 卷 第 6 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 45, No. 6
2025 年 6 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Jun., 2025
DOI:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0399
深部岩体结构面动力特性与致灾效应研究进展 *
单仁亮,柏皓博,孙 鹏,李泳臻,吴浩田,肖圣超,窦浩宇
(中国矿业大学(北京)力学与土木工程学院,北京 100083)
摘要: 随着全球资源需求的持续上升,深部地下工程的开发规模不断扩大,面临日益复杂的地质条件和高地应力
环境。这种转变使得深部含结构面岩体的动力特性研究成为近年来的热点与难点问题。为此,首先对结构面的动剪
切和动拉压特性进行了系统总结,并深入分析了多种因素对结构面动力行为的影响。然后,探讨了结构面效应对岩体
动力特性的影响,特别是对岩体动强度和动变形的作用。此外,针对常见的深部动力灾害,如岩爆、大变形和冲击地
压,梳理了其触发机制和防治技术,强调了建立有效理论和技术体系的重要性。最后,对未来深部岩体结构面动力特
性及动力灾害防控技术的研究方向进行了展望,呼吁结合新兴技术与理论方法,以提升研究的深度与广度,从而提高
工程实践中的安全性和有效性。
关键词: 深地工程;结构面;动力特性;致灾效应;防控技术
中图分类号: O342 国标学科代码: 13015 文献标志码: A
Research progress on the dynamic characteristics of structural planes
in deep rock mass and associated disaster-inducing effects
SHAN Renliang, BAI Haobo, SUN Peng, LI Yongzhen, WU Haotian, XIAO Shengchao, DOU Haoyu
(School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China)
Abstract: As the global demand for resources continues to rise, the scale of deep underground engineering development
expands, facing increasingly complex geological conditions and high-stress environments. This shift has made the study of the
dynamic characteristics of deep rock masses with structural planes a hot and challenging research topic in recent years. Firstly,
a systematic summary of the dynamic shear and tensile characteristics of structural planes was conducted, along with an in-
depth analysis of the impact of various factors on their dynamic behavior. Additionally, the effect of structural plane effects on
the dynamic properties of rock masses was explored, particularly regarding dynamic strength and deformation. Furthermore,
the triggering mechanisms and prevention technologies for common deep dynamic disasters, such as rock bursts, large
deformations, and dynamic pressure, have been reviewed, emphasizing the importance of establishing an effective theoretical
and technical system. Finally, a forward-looking perspective on future research directions for the dynamic characteristics of
deep rock masses with structural planes and disaster prevention technologies is offered, calling for the integration of emerging
technologies and theoretical methods to enhance the depth and breadth of research, thereby promoting the safety and
effectiveness in engineering practice.
Keywords: deep earth engineering; structural surface; dynamic characteristics; disaster effect; prevention and control
technology
在深部资源开发的过程中,岩体结构面的广泛分布及其复杂的动力学特性成为亟待解决的科学难
题。结构面是深部岩体中的天然弱面,其几何特征、物理力学性质以及分布规律对岩体的整体稳定性具
* 收稿日期: 2024-10-22;修回日期: 2024-12-31
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(52274148)
第一作者: 单仁亮(1964- ),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,srl@cumtb.edu.cn
通信作者: 柏皓博(1996- ),男,博士研究生,915624065@qq.com
061101-1