Page 126 - 《爆炸与冲击》2025年第6期

第 45 卷 第 6 期 爆 炸 与 冲 击 Vol. 45, No. 6
2025 年 6 月 EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES Jun., 2025

DOI：10.11883/bzycj-2024-0409

反射爆炸应力波作用下动静裂纹的贯通机理 *

周星源 ，岳中文 ，金庆雨 ，任 猛 ，徐胜男 ，刘 伟 ，王 煦 ，薛克军 1
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（1. 中国矿业大学（北京）力学与土木工程学院，北京 100083；
2. 中国矿业大学（北京）深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室，北京 100083）
摘要： 采用动光弹的实验方法，研究了反射爆炸应力波作用下动静裂纹的作用关系及贯通后瞬态卸荷现象的产
生机制。结果表明：P 波的反射波前沿为拉伸波，后沿为压缩波，其前沿拉伸波向裂纹尖端施加拉伸应力增大动态强
度因子，促进裂纹的扩展，而后沿压缩波向裂纹尖端施加压缩应力，降低应力强度因子，抑制裂纹的扩展；P 波反射后
转换出的 S 波会导致裂纹扩展方向的偏转和速度的变化，呈现波浪状不稳定扩展；爆炸裂纹与静止裂纹贯通后，裂纹
面附近储存的弹性能以卸载波的形式向外快速释放，卸载波在静止裂纹尖端出现应力集中，诱发静止裂纹尖端次生裂
纹的产生。
关键词： 反射爆炸应力波；静止裂纹；爆炸裂纹；卸载波
中图分类号： O383.2 国标学科代码： 1303520 文献标志码： A

Propagation mechanism of stationary and dynamic cracks
under reflected explosion stress waves

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ZHOU Xingyuan , YUE Zhongwen , JIN Qingyu , REN Meng , XU Shengnan ,
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LIU Wei , WANG Xu , XUE Kejun 1
（1. School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083 China;
2. State Key Laboratory for Geo-Mechanics and Deep Underground Engineering,
China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract: The influence of reflected explosion stress waves on dynamic crack propagation behavior , as well as the connection
between dynamic cracks and pre-existing cracks, was studied using dynamic photoelastic experiments. A high-speed camera
was used to capture the full field photoelastic isochromatic fringe pattern of horizontally expanding explosive cracks. The
explosive crack is a directional crack generated by detonating explosives in a blast hole containing a horizontal V-shaped
groove. The propagation process of explosive cracks can be divided into three different stages. In the first stage, explosive
detonation produces dynamic cracks. Simultaneously incident explosion stress waves propagate and interact with prefabricated
vertical cracks. In the second stage, the reflected explosion stress waves interact with dynamic cracks. In the third stage,
dynamic cracks connect with pre-existing cracks and release unloading stress waves. Considering both singular and non-
singular stresses in the near-crack-tip region, three far-field-controlled constant stresses were adopted. The mixed mode stress
intensity factor of dynamic cracks under the action of reflected stress waves was analyzed and calculated using the Newton-
Raphson iteration method. The results indicate that the leading edge of the reflected pressure wave acts as a stretching wave
and the trailing edge behaves as a compression wave. The tensile component of the reflected pressure wave applies tensile
stress to the crack tip, increasing the dynamic stress intensity factor K and promoting crack propagation. On the contrary, the
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* 收稿日期： 2024-10-28；修回日期： 2025-03-05
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金（52174094，51974318）
第一作者： 周星源（1996－ ），男，博士，zhouxingyuan19@mails.ucas.ac.cn
通信作者： 岳中文（1975－ ），男，博士，教授，zwyue75@163.com

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